Sheep housing requires regular disinfection to prevent the spread of diseases. This process is typically carried out twice a year, in spring and autumn. Several common disinfectants and methods are used depending on the area and purpose. For example, lime milk, made by mixing 10% to 20% slaked lime with water, is effective against foot-and-mouth disease, infectious pleuropneumonia, and lamb diarrhea. It can be applied to contaminated floors, equipment, and waste.
Another commonly used disinfectant is a 3% to 5% solution of sodium hypochlorite (Sur solution), which is suitable for cleaning barns, tools, and manure. A weaker concentration, 2% to 3%, is ideal for sterilizing surgical instruments and hands. Additionally, a 0.5% peracetic acid solution is often sprayed on the floor, walls, and feed troughs to kill bacteria and viruses.
A 1% to 2% sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) solution is effective for disinfecting areas contaminated with bacteria or viruses, such as pens and equipment. Similarly, a 0.5% to 2% chloramine solution is used for sterilizing contaminated tools and enclosures.
Disinfection should be done in two stages: first, sweep the area thoroughly, then apply the disinfectant to the floor, walls, and ceiling. The lambing area should be disinfected multiple times—before, during, and after birthing. At the entrance of sick sheep barns, a disinfectant tank or mats soaked in 2% to 4% sodium hydroxide solution should be placed.
For garbage disposal, sacks or straw mats soaked in 2% to 4% sodium hydroxide or 10% kobolin disinfectant are often placed at entrances and exits to ensure proper sanitation.
Ground disinfection in pastures is usually done during spring and autumn. A bleach solution containing 2.5% available chlorine, 4% formaldehyde, or 1% sodium hydroxide can be used for this purpose.
Fecal waste is best treated using biological heat sterilization. The manure is piled 100 meters away from the barn, covered with 10 cm of sand, and left to ferment for about a month. Sewage should be directed into a treatment tank, and bleaching powder or quicklime added for disinfection. The dosage depends on the volume of sewage, generally 2 to 5 grams of bleach per liter.
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