Recently, many vegetable farmers have reported that the cabbages they planted this year are showing unusual symptoms, such as wilting and curling. This has caused significant concern among growers, as the problem is affecting both the yield and market value of Chinese cabbage, ultimately impacting their profits. To better understand the issue and find effective solutions, it's important to explore the possible causes and management strategies. Here's a detailed overview.
First, let's look at the possible reasons behind this phenomenon.
1. Climate and environmental factors play a major role. According to weather records, temperatures this spring were much lower than in previous years. Many summer cabbages were planted during a period when early temperatures were low, followed by a sharp increase later in the season. This temperature fluctuation is not ideal for the development of Chinese cabbage, which requires a more stable climate for proper growth. Such conditions can lead to vernalization, where the plant prematurely goes into flowering, resulting in poor head formation or even no heads at all. A sudden heatwave during the middle or late stages of growth can also cause the cabbages to fail to form tight heads.
2. Improper sowing timing and cultivation methods are another contributing factor. Some farmers have advanced their planting schedules in an effort to supply the market earlier and gain higher profits. For example, some planted summer cabbages in mid-May, about 20 days earlier than usual. Combined with this year’s unusually cold weather, this led to the observed convulsions. Additionally, some farmers use seedling transplanting techniques. However, if the seedlings are transplanted too early and exposed to prolonged cold, it can trigger vernalization. It has been observed that transplanted cabbages tend to be more affected than those grown directly in the field.
Second, here are some effective measures to address the issue:
1. Ensure proper sowing time. Summer cabbage is highly sensitive to temperature and sowing date. If sown too early, it can easily develop problems like seizures. Therefore, farmers should carefully choose the right planting window based on local climate conditions.
2. Apply fertilizers wisely. Most summer cabbages are grown in old vegetable fields where soil fertility is high, especially in terms of nitrogen. Excessive nitrogen can promote excessive leaf growth, leading to weak head formation. Farmers should limit nitrogen fertilizer and increase potassium to strengthen the plants. At the beginning and middle stages of head formation, applying potassium dihydrogen phosphate or well-decomposed chicken manure can help improve cabbage quality.
3. Use foliar sprays. Spraying a solution of 1000 times diluted Green Fenway No. 1 or 500 times diluted Nongda 120 can enhance the tightness of the cabbage heads and improve overall quality. These treatments are particularly effective during the critical growth stages.
In conclusion, understanding the causes of these issues and implementing appropriate management practices can help farmers mitigate the damage and ensure better yields in the future. By adapting to changing climatic conditions and refining farming techniques, vegetable growers can maintain the quality and profitability of their crops.
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