Recently, many vegetable farmers have reported that the cabbages they planted this year appear to be unpleased and convulsing. This has caused a lot of concern among farmers. The occurrence of this phenomenon has not only reduced the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage but also affected its market value, thereby impacting the income of vegetable growers. So, what are the causes behind this issue? What specific management practices should be taken? Here is a detailed explanation.
First, let's understand the reasons behind the problem.
1. Climate and environmental factors play a major role. According to weather records, temperatures this spring have been significantly lower than in previous years. Most summer cabbages were planted during a period of low early temperatures followed by a rise in temperature later on. At the same time, the duration of sunlight has gradually increased. This climate pattern does not align with the ideal conditions required for the development of the vegetative parts of Chinese cabbage. As a result, the plants may undergo vernalization, which can lead to stunted growth or failure to form a head. If a sudden temperature spike occurs in the middle to late growing season, it can cause the cabbages to fail to head properly or become loose.
2. Improper sowing timing and cultivation methods are also contributing factors. Some farmers have advanced their planting dates in an attempt to supply the market earlier and gain higher profits. For example, summer cabbages that are usually planted after the harvest season have been moved forward to mid-May, over 20 days earlier than usual. Combined with this year’s unusually low temperatures, this has led to the convulsion phenomenon. Additionally, some farmers use seedling transplanting techniques. However, due to the need for a hardening-off process after transplanting, and the ongoing cold weather, this can also trigger vernalization. It has been observed that transplanted seedlings tend to show more severe symptoms compared to those directly sown in the field.
Second, here are some effective solutions to address the issue:
1. Pay close attention to the proper sowing date. Summer cabbage is very sensitive to planting time and external temperatures. If sowing is done too early, it can easily lead to convulsions. Therefore, it is crucial to choose the right time based on local weather conditions and historical data.
2. Apply fertilizers wisely. Most summer cabbages are grown in long-established vegetable areas where the soil is already rich, especially in nitrogen. To prevent excessive vegetative growth, it's important to limit nitrogen fertilizer and increase potassium. A common practice is to apply potassium dihydrogen phosphate and well-decomposed chicken manure at the beginning and middle stages of head formation.
3. Use foliar fertilizers. Spraying a 1000-fold solution of Green Fenway No. 1 or a 500-fold solution of Nongda 120 can help improve the tightness of the cabbages and promote better head formation.
In summary, understanding the impact of climate and proper farming techniques is essential to avoid such issues. By adjusting sowing times, managing fertilization carefully, and using foliar sprays when needed, farmers can significantly reduce the risk of convulsions and ensure healthier, more profitable cabbage crops.
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