Sheep housing requires regular disinfection to prevent the spread of diseases. It is typically cleaned and disinfected twice a year, in spring and autumn. The following are common disinfectants and methods used for different areas within the sheep house:
1. Lime milk (10% to 20%) is often used to disinfect areas contaminated by pathogens such as foot-and-mouth disease, infectious pleuropneumonia, and lamb diarrhea. It is effective for treating floors, walls, utensils, and manure.
2. A 3% to 5% solution of sodium hypochlorite (Sur solution) is suitable for disinfecting the sheep house, equipment, and waste. For surgical instruments and hand disinfection, a 2% to 3% solution is recommended.
3. A 0.5% peracetic acid solution can be sprayed on the floor, walls, and feeding troughs to eliminate bacteria and viruses.
4. A 1% to 2% sodium hydroxide (lye) solution is effective for disinfecting areas contaminated with bacteria or viruses, including housing, floors, and equipment.
5. A 0.5% to 2% chloramine solution is commonly used to sterilize contaminated tools and pens.
Disinfection should be done in two steps: first, sweep the area thoroughly, then spray it with the appropriate disinfectant. The birthing area should be disinfected multiple times—before, during, and after lambing. At the entrance of diseased sheep houses, a disinfection tank filled with a 2% to 4% sodium hydroxide solution should be placed, along with a mat soaked in the same solution.
For garbage disposal, sacks or straw mats soaked in 2% to 4% sodium hydroxide or 10% kobolin disinfectant should be placed at the entrance and exit to prevent contamination.
Ground disinfection is particularly important for outdoor areas where sheep graze. It should be done in spring and autumn using solutions like 2.5% available chlorine bleach, 4% formalin, or 1% sodium hydroxide.
Fecal waste and sewage are best treated using biological heat sterilization. Feces should be piled at least 100 meters away from the sheep house, covered with 10 cm of sand, and left to ferment for one month. Sewage should be directed into a treatment tank, with bleaching powder or quicklime added for disinfection. The dosage varies depending on the volume, typically 2 to 5 grams of bleach per liter of sewage.
Proper disinfection not only helps maintain hygiene but also plays a crucial role in preventing outbreaks and ensuring the health of the flock. Regular maintenance and attention to detail are essential for effective disease control.
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