Pest prevention and control in pollution-free fruit production focuses on the principle of "prevention first, integrated management." It involves timely application of agricultural, chemical, and biological methods to keep pest populations below the economic injury level, ensuring the production of safe and high-quality fruits.
1. Emphasize the use of agricultural control measures
(1) Timely clearing of orchards: Many pests overwinter in dead branches, fallen leaves, bark, and weeds. Removing these can effectively reduce the source of pests and diseases. For example, weeds and leaves can be buried deeply, and rough bark can be carefully scraped off. Plastic sheets can be laid under trees to collect diseased parts or cut branches and fruits, which are then removed and burned.
(2) Selecting disease-resistant and high-quality varieties: Traditional fruit production often focused on quality and yield, but not enough attention was given to pest resistance. With the rise of green food demands, selecting varieties with strong resistance to diseases and pests is essential. Choosing improved fruit tree varieties that are disease-resistant, drought-tolerant, and cold-resistant is a crucial step toward producing pollution-free fruits.
2. Proper use of chemical pesticides
Following national guidelines for green food production, highly toxic, carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic pesticides are strictly prohibited. The use of pesticides with high residue or resistance should be limited. It is recommended to use low-toxicity, effective fungicides like lime sulfur, Bordeaux mixture, and thiophanate-methyl. When applying pesticides, it's important to choose the right product and dosage. Improving spraying techniques, such as using electrostatic spraying, can enhance coverage, increase adhesion, and reduce pesticide usage and frequency.
3. Actively apply biological control measures
(1) Utilizing natural enemies: China has a rich variety of natural enemies in farmlands, which should be protected and utilized. Planting nectar crops and pastures in orchards can improve the living environment of beneficial insects, increase their food supply, and help control pest populations. Artificial breeding and timely release of natural enemies can also be effective. In cases of invasive pests, introducing new natural enemies can help manage them.
(2) Using microbial pesticides: In recent years, microbial pesticides have gained popularity. Examples include nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV), granulosis virus (GV), Bacillus thuringiensis, Beauveria bassiana, and Metarhizium anisopliae. By implementing integrated pest management strategies, more than 85% of high-quality fruits can be achieved without harmful chemicals.
Anti-Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, etiology of inflammatory synovitis-based systemic disease. It is characterized by hand, small joints of the joints, symmetry, invasive joint inflammation, often associated with external organ involvement and serum rheumatoid factor positive, can lead to joint deformity and loss of function. According to statistics, the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in women is 2 to 3 times that of men.It can occur at any age, high incidence of age 40 to 60 years old. People who has rheumatoid arthritis in the late, severe or long-term bedridden patients, due to combined infection, gastrointestinal bleeding, heart, lung or kidney disease can be crisis to life. The main purpose of treatment for Rheumatoid arthritis is to reduce the inflammation of the joints, inhibit the development of lesions and irreversible bone destruction, as far as possible to protect the function of joints and muscles, and ultimately achieve complete disease remission or low disease activity target. Treatment principles include 1. Patient education, 2. General treatment 3. Drug treatment 4. Immune purification 5. Functional exercise 6. Surgical treatment. Anti-Rheumatoid arthritis drug treatment mainly includes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, slow-acting anti-rheumatic drugs, immunosuppressive agents, immune and biological agents and botanicals. Over the past decade, the treatment of extra-articular lesions and the emergence of new therapies, so that the efficacy of rheumatoid arthritis has been significantly improved. Most patients with rheumatoid arthritis can get a good control or even complete remission.
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