Open pond ecological farming turtle technology

Open-air ecological farming of soft-shelled turtles is a sustainable and healthy breeding method that emulates the natural living habits of these turtles. This system typically takes 3 to 4 years for the turtles to reach marketable size, resulting in high-quality, wild-like products that are highly sought after in the market. On average, each mu (about 0.067 hectares) produces 250–300 kilograms of soft-shelled turtles, generating an annual income of approximately 6,000 yuan per mu. This practice has not only brought economic benefits but also social and environmental advantages. Over the years, standardized technical guidelines have been developed and refined through practical experience. The construction of ecological breeding ponds is crucial. The site should be located in a quiet area with access to clean water and no pollution. All ponds should be earthen, with a square shape, sandy loam soil, and a silt layer no deeper than 15 cm. The pond depth should range from 1.2 to 2.5 meters, with an area of 3–5 mu, not exceeding 15 mu. It's advisable to build separate pools for different stages, such as pro-fish, young clam, and juvenile areas. Anti-escape facilities like asbestos boards or brick walls can be installed. Aquatic plants should be planted in the ponds, and in spring, snails and other small aquatic creatures can be introduced to create a balanced ecosystem. Feeding stations and sunbathing areas should also be set up if needed. For high-quality seedling breeding, it’s essential to select healthy parent turtles—natural Chinese sturgeons weighing 2–4 kg, aged 6–7 years, with strong bodies and no injuries. The male-to-female ratio should be around 4:1. These parents should be kept in special breeding pools at a density of 0.3–0.5 eggs per square foot. Their diet should primarily consist of live bait such as snails, small fish, and animal organs, supplemented with plant-based feeds like cakes and pumpkin. Daily feeding amounts should be 5–8% of their body weight. Artificial incubation involves collecting eggs and placing them in constant temperature boxes or sand trays with 25-mesh screens. The ideal temperature is 33–34°C, and humidity should be maintained at 81–82%. The sand moisture should be between 7–8%, and hatching occurs after 36–38 days. Juveniles should be raised separately in graded pools, fed live bait like leeches and minced fish, and protected during winter to ensure survival. When raising seedlings in earth ponds, it’s best to start in April–June. Only juveniles weighing over 15g should be used, ensuring they are healthy, uniform in size, and free of disease. If purchased from other regions, they should be quarantined for a month before being introduced. Disinfection using potassium permanganate is recommended before stocking. A density of about 600 per mu is ideal. Stocking with species like white shrimp, squid, and stingrays can enhance water use efficiency. In open-water culture, the natural water temperature is utilized. Feeding should focus on live bait, with some plant-based feed and compound feed added. Fresh snails, small fish, and vegetable scraps are common food sources. Feeding starts when the water temperature exceeds 18°C, with 3–6% of the turtle’s body weight given daily, 1–2 times a day. Photosynthetic bacteria may be added to improve water quality. Artificial feed pellets, additives, and hormones should be avoided. Water quality management is key to preventing diseases. Regular water changes every 10–15 days, adding lime to adjust pH, and controlling feeding to avoid waste are essential. Microbial products like photosynthetic bacteria can help purify water and prevent disease. Disease prevention should follow ecological methods, with drugs used only when necessary, in accordance with industry standards. Pond management includes regular selection of turtles based on size to ensure uniform growth and reduce disease risk. After 3–4 years of open-air breeding, turtles typically reach around 500 grams. At this stage, they should be harvested promptly according to market demand, using traps or dry pond capture. Sales should be organized by companies or associations to maintain brand value and market reputation.

Auto Chemistry Analyzer

The automatic biochemical analyzer is an instrument that measures a specific chemical composition in body fluids according to the principle of photoelectric colorimetry. Due to its fast measurement speed, high accuracy and small consumption of reagents, it has been widely used in hospitals, epidemic prevention stations and family planning service stations at all levels. The combined use can greatly improve the efficiency and benefits of routine biochemical testing.
principle
The automatic analyzer is to automatically run all or part of the steps of sampling, mixing, warm bath (37°C) detection, result calculation, judgment, display and printing results and cleaning in the original manual operation process. Today, biochemical tests are basically automated analysis, and there are fully automatic biochemical analysis systems designed for large or very large clinical laboratories and commercial laboratories, which can be arbitrarily configured according to the laboratory's testing volume.
Whether it is the fastest-running (9600Test/h) modular fully automatic biochemical analyzer today, or the original manual-operated photoelectric colorimeter for colorimetry, the principle is the use of absorption spectroscopy in spectroscopic technology. It is the most basic core of the biochemical instrument.
Optical system: is a key part of ACA. Older ACA systems used halogen tungsten lamps, lenses, color filters, and photocell assemblies. The optical part of the new ACA system has been greatly improved. ACA's beam splitting system can be divided into front splitting and rear splitting due to different light positions. The advanced optical components use a set of lenses between the light source and the cuvette to convert the original light source. The light projected by the lamp passes through the cuvette to bring the beam to the speed of light (unlike traditional wedge beams), so that the spot beam can pass through even the smallest cuvette. Compared with traditional methods, it can save reagent consumption by 40-60%. After the spot beam passes through the cuvette, the spot beam is restored to the original beam through this group of restoration lenses (wide difference correction system), and is divided into several fixed wavelengths (about 10 or more wavelengths) by the grating. The optical/digital signal direct conversion technology is used to directly convert the optical signal in the optical path into a digital signal. It completely eliminates the interference of electromagnetic waves to the signal and the attenuation in the process of signal transmission. At the same time, the optical fiber is used in the signal transmission process, so that the signal can achieve no attenuation, and the test accuracy is improved by nearly 100 times. The closed combination of the optical path system makes the optical path without any maintenance, and the light splitting is accurate and the service life is long.

Constant temperature system: Since the temperature of the biochemical reaction has a great influence on the reaction results, the sensitivity and accuracy of the constant temperature system directly affect the measurement results. The early biochemical instruments used the method of air bath, and later developed into a dry bath with constant temperature liquid circulation which combines the advantages of dry air bath and water bath. The principle is to design a constant temperature tank around the cuvette, and add a stable constant temperature liquid that is odorless, non-polluting, non-evaporating and non-deteriorating in the tank. The constant temperature liquid has a large capacity, good thermal stability and uniformity. The cuvette does not directly contact the constant temperature liquid, which overcomes the characteristics of the water bath type constant temperature being susceptible to pollution and the uneven and unstable air bath.

Sample reaction stirring technology and probe technology: The traditional reaction stirring technology adopts magnetic bead type and vortex stirring type. The current popular stirring technology is a stirring unit composed of multiple groups of stirring rods that imitate the manual cleaning process. When the first group of stirring rods is stirring the sample/reagent or mixed solution, the second group of stirring rods performs high-speed and high-efficiency cleaning at the same time. The set of stirring bars also undergoes a warm water washing and air drying process at the same time. In the design of a single stirring rod, a new type of spiral high-speed rotating stirring is adopted, and the rotation direction is opposite to the spiral direction, thereby increasing the stirring force, the stirred liquid does not foam, and reducing the scattering of light by microbubbles. Reagent and sample probes are based on the principle of early capacitive sensing, but slightly improved to increase the alarm of blood clots and protein clots, and re-test results according to the alarm level, reducing sample aspiration errors and improving the reliability of test results. . Large-scale biochemical instruments can detect more than 1,000 tests per hour, so automatic retesting is very important. Subjective evaluation of test results and manual retesting can no longer meet clinical needs.

Other aspects: barcode recognition of reagents and samples and computer login. Due to the lack of barcode recognition function of early biochemical instruments, there are more opportunities for errors. In recent years, both imported and domestic chemical instruments have adopted barcode detection. The use of this technology in biochemical instruments has provided technical support for the development of high-speed ACA, and also made the instrument quite supportive. The software development is simple and easy, therefore, barcode detection is the basis for the intelligence of the instrument. Open reagents, as an important factor for hospitals to choose models, whether the instrument supports open reagents is very important. After the reagents are opened, hospitals and scientific research units can choose their own reagent suppliers, and have a greater degree of freedom in measuring the price, the reliability of the test results, and the validity period of the reagents. Ion Selective Electrode Analysis Accessory (ISE), human serum and urine electrolyte indicators are very important, and hospitals can save money by adding ISE to the ACA system.

Bio Chemistry Analyzer, Clinical Chemistry Analyzer, Blood Chemistry Analyzer,Urine Chemistry Analyzer

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