In summer, maintaining optimal egg production requires careful attention to several key factors. One of the most important is temperature control. Egg production is directly influenced by ambient temperature, with the ideal range being 15°C to 24°C. Once temperatures exceed 25°C, egg production starts to decline. At 30°C or higher, chickens may begin panting and spreading their wings, leading to a significant drop in egg output or even complete cessation. Prolonged exposure above 35°C can result in high mortality rates. To prevent this, it's essential to implement cooling measures such as shading the coop, spraying water on white walls, and ensuring the overall environment stays below 28°C.
Another critical factor is providing sufficient clean drinking water. In summer, water intake increases significantly—about four times that of winter. Chickens prefer cool, clean water, ideally from a spring source. Water plays a vital role in cooling the body, as it absorbs heat during evaporation. At 32°C, a chicken can drink up to 300 ml in a day, which helps dissipate around 4,500 calories. This not only prevents heatstroke but also boosts egg production.
Adjusting the diet is equally important. High temperatures increase metabolic heat, so reducing energy-dense feed and increasing protein and fat content can help. Adding 3% soybean meal and 2% fishmeal to the feed can improve the energy-to-protein ratio while maintaining amino acid balance. This supports better egg quality and production during hot weather.
Supplementing the diet with heat-stress-reducing additives can also be beneficial. Including vitamin C in electrolytes or multi-vitamin feeds, along with zinc chloride, sodium bicarbonate, and aspirin in drinking water, can help reduce heat stress. Reducing salt levels slightly can further support the birds' health. Herbal supplements like plaster, scorpion, musk, wormwood, and Suanzaoren are also effective in managing heat stress and improving performance.
Proper management practices should also be maintained. Ensure constant access to fresh, cool water throughout the day. Reduce stocking density to lower ambient temperature. Avoid handling chickens during peak heat hours, and allow them to forage in cooler parts of the day.
Lastly, disease prevention is crucial in summer, when chickens are more susceptible. Regular disinfection of the coop, at least 2–3 times a week, and maintaining cleanliness are essential. Follow strict vaccination protocols and monitor antibody levels against diseases like Newcastle. Apply safe insecticides like pyrethrum to eliminate pests such as mosquitoes and flies. Administer prophylactic medications like Tylengren Net or Keqiu Powder regularly to prevent illness and maintain flock health.
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