I. Agricultural Control
1. Apply balanced fertilizer regularly, use bloom-specific fertilizers, and enhance tree vitality to improve resistance against stress and diseases.
2. Timely harvest fruits, clean up the garden after harvest, prune promptly, and suppress winter shoots to reduce the sources of overwintering pests and diseases.
II. Chemical Prevention
1. During the spring shoot (budding) and flowering periods, focus on controlling litchi pests such as litchi aphids, litchi scale insects, and litchi locusts. Mix 5% Lubriol 1500 times with 24% Wan Ling 1000 times for spraying, or alternatively use 20% insecticide EC at 1500–2000 times, or 480 g/L Ino EC at 500–800 times. If heavy rain occurs before flowering, Phytophthora capsici and anthracnose may appear. Use 64% Tian Liang WP at 600 times for Phytophthora, and 70% Benlate WP at 800 times for anthracnose.
2. During the fruit development stage, manage pests like litchi leafhoppers and fig caterpillars. Spray the first dose when about 30% of litchi pedis emerge, and repeat every 5–7 days. Use 4.5% Lufu EC at 1000 times (or 1500 times for 4.5% Green Fortune Emulsion), 480 g/L Ino EC at 500–800 times, or 30% Norrhau EC at 500–800 times. Mixing these products can also be effective.
3. Cultivate strong autumn shoots by applying the first spray when the shoot is about 5 cm long, then reapply after 10–15 days. Options include 4.5% Green Fortune EC at 1000 times (or 1500 times for Green Fushui Emulsion), 30% Nonhung Van Cream at 500–800 times, 24% Wan Ling at 1000 times, or 480 g/L Ino-Neo Cream. Alternating or mixing these formulations is recommended.
4. Protect flowers and preserve fruits by spraying 0.01% Tianfengsu EC diluted 3000–4000 times during bud, young fruit, and fruit development stages. This helps promote flower bud differentiation, protect blooms, retain fruits, and improve fruit quality.
5. Manage winter shoots, which serve as overwintering sites for locusts and cockroaches. During winter and early spring, spray a mixture of 50% Red Far-suspending Agent at 300 times, 30% acephate (Nongwonwang) at 600 times, and 40% omethoate at 500 times. Apply both foliar and soil treatments to kill overwintering pests and reduce pathogen levels in spring.
This comprehensive approach ensures healthy growth, reduces pest pressure, and enhances overall crop yield and quality.
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