The jujube trees are typically planted in the autumn season, which offers several advantages such as early germination, early flowering, and stable fruit production. As temperatures gradually drop, the wounds on the underground roots heal quickly, while the above-ground parts experience less evaporation, leading to a higher survival rate. To ensure successful planting, there are nine key points to consider when planting jujube trees in the fall.
**Planting Time**
The earlier you plant the jujube trees in autumn, the better their survival rate will be. The ideal time for planting is generally between mid-September and early December, allowing the trees enough time to establish themselves before winter sets in.
**Digging Pits**
Prepare planting holes that are 60 cm in both length and width. Add sufficient organic fertilizer at the bottom of the hole, then fill it with soil and water thoroughly before planting the tree.
**Seedling Selection**
Choose high-quality seedlings with a high degree of lignification. Before lifting, the nursery should water the seedlings once. Ensure that the seedlings have a complete root system, with the main root being longer than 30 cm and no damage to the lateral or fibrous roots. Plant them along with their roots to promote healthy growth.
**Planting Process**
At the planting site, dig a tree pit and backfill it with some well-rotted soil. Place the seedling in the center, straighten it, and fill the pit with fine, moist soil. Gently lift the seedling slightly to allow the roots to spread out naturally. The planting depth should be level with or slightly below the ground surface, with a small mound of soil formed after planting.
**Pruning**
For high-quality seedlings, prune the top by about 20 cm. For lower quality ones, cut back one-third of the height and remove any secondary branches to encourage the growth of new shoots.
**Frozen Water**
Before the onset of winter, usually in mid to late November, pour a layer of frozen water around the base of the tree. This helps protect the roots from extreme cold and promotes better root development.
**Winter Protection**
From late November to early December, cover the seedlings with soil to prevent sudden temperature changes that could cause sunburn to the rhizosphere. When covering, avoid damaging the seedlings, as they can be brittle. Create a 20 cm high sloped platform on the south side of the tree, gently press the seedling down onto it, and then cover it with 20 cm of wet, fine soil.
**Removing Winter Cover**
Since jujube trees sprout later than apples and pears, the timing for removing the winter cover is also later. Usually, this is done in mid-April. Start by removing a thin layer of soil, then gradually uncover the seedling and straighten it as the weather warms up.
**Mulching**
Before spring germination, water the seedlings once to stimulate growth, and then cover the area with plastic film. This helps retain moisture and increases the survival rate of the young plants.
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