The night-scented flower, also known as a semi-wild vegetable, is primarily consumed for its tender flower buds. Traditionally, it was cultivated in front of homes, but since the mid-1980s, it has evolved into a commercial crop, gaining popularity in major cities across the province and even in Hong Kong and Macao. Due to its high market demand, it offers excellent economic returns. Below are the detailed cultivation techniques for this unique plant.
First, seedling preparation is crucial. Select mature vines that are about 60 cm long and cut them into segments of 8–10 cm. Plant each segment at a 45-degree angle on the soil surface, spacing them approximately 10 cm apart. Cover two-thirds of the segment with soil and add a layer of dry weeds on top. Water thoroughly and keep the soil moist until roots develop. Transplant the seedlings in spring once the roots have grown sufficiently.
Second, soil preparation is essential for healthy growth. The plant is drought-resistant and thrives in well-drained, low-lying fields. Deep plowing is recommended, along with the application of organic base fertilizer. The ridges should be 30 cm high, with 1.5 meters between rows and 70 cm between plants. Planting is best done in spring or summer. Dig small holes, place the seedlings at an angle, cover with soil, add a layer of dry weeds, and water regularly.
Third, field management involves several key steps. First, vine stretching: when the vines reach 1 meter in length, they can be trained to grow vertically using trellises or self-made cement poles with wires. This method is durable and wind-resistant. Each vine should be left with two or three branches, while excess ones should be pruned. Vines above 50 cm from the ground can be kept as side shoots.
Winter pruning is also important. After the harvest season and when the leaves have fallen, perform a thorough pruning by removing dead, weak vines, and old leaves. Keep only the strong branches and consider planting short-term crops on either side of the rows to maximize land use.
Fourth, fertilization plays a vital role in the plant's development. In early March each year, apply a mixture of 25 kg of compound fertilizer and 500–750 kg of farmyard manure per acre to promote early growth and increase yield. Repeat this every 20–30 days, using 15 kg of compound fertilizer or 500 kg of farmyard manure per acre. Avoid nitrogen-based fertilizers. During dry periods in spring, ensure adequate watering to encourage new growth, while during the rainy season, focus on drainage to prevent waterlogging.
Fifth, pest control is necessary to maintain plant health. Common pests include crickets and scale insects, while wilt disease is a major concern. To prevent these issues, avoid excessive nitrogen, remove dense foliage, ensure proper drainage, and conduct regular weeding during the rainy season. Adding lime during top dressing can also help. For pest control, use insecticides such as Pest Control, Anti-Caries 23, and Farmland Music to manage flea infestations. For scale insects, apply 40% Leco emulsion. To manage wilt disease, combine heat treatment with fungicides like Fusarium. If a diseased plant is detected, it must be burned immediately, and the surrounding soil should be treated with quicklime before replanting after one month.
Finally, harvesting takes place from early April through mid-October. The flowers form umbel-like clusters with numerous small blossoms, emitting a delicate yellow hue and a strong fragrance, especially at night. Once the inflorescence reaches 40–50% bloom, it should be harvested promptly. Harvesting is typically done once daily, and the flowers are sold fresh the same day. Any open flowers must be removed to maintain product quality. On average, the plant yields 1,250–1,750 kilograms per mu, generating around 7,000–8,000 yuan per mu. With proper care, this crop remains a valuable and profitable option for farmers.
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