In recent years, aquatic vegetables like Chinese wolfberry have experienced rapid development. Many free-flowing floodplains, shallow ponds, and low-lying fields have been cultivated in the wild, turning white crops into a profitable option for farmers. However, most farmers tend to neglect proper management, especially when it comes to post-harvest care. In Putian, winter-planted fields are expected to have fewer pests and diseases next year, with uniform crop emergence, abundant tillering, thick seedlings, fewer grey or male plants, and ultimately higher yield and quality.
After clearing the white fields in Putian, it is important to promptly remove ash and maggot-infested plants from the field. Old leaves on the quayside should be cut and burned together. This helps reduce overwintering pests and diseases, while also ensuring that buds are neatly trimmed, leading to healthier new growth in the following year.
Once the plants are harvested and dried, they gradually enter a dormant phase. Nutrients from the above-ground parts are transferred to the underground rhizomes. At this stage, sufficient oxygen in the soil is essential to promote the growth of winter shoots on the rhizomes and stems. Therefore, after harvesting, the field should be dried out. Once fine cracks appear on the surface, water should be reintroduced. This rehydration should occur before the first frost, maintaining a water level of 2 to 3 centimeters. By December, the water level can be increased to 7 to 10 centimeters to protect the rhizomes during the winter. When the weather warms up in early March, the water level should be reduced back to 2 to 3 centimeters.
During the cold period and the beginning of spring, scientific fertilization is crucial. Farmers should apply 4,000 kg of well-composted livestock manure per acre to ensure the fleshy stems remain tender and not stiff. The base fertilizer should not be applied later than the beginning of March. Once the plants reach about 20 cm in height, a combination of weeding and fertilizing should be done, applying 25–30 kg of urea per mu or 40–50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate to encourage the growth of new shoots.
In late winter and early spring, farmers should inspect the seedlings and replace any missing ones. If there are no piers, new seedlings should be planted to fill in the gaps. For areas where too many seedlings have sprouted on the old piers, some should be removed, especially weak or unhealthy ones, to ensure better growth and overall plant health.
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