1. Scope This standard outlines the essential requirements for the safe design, manufacturing, and operation of feed mills. It applies to all types of hammer-type and claw-type feed mills, collectively referred to as "crushers" throughout this document.
2. Normative References The following documents contain provisions that, by reference in this standard, become part of it. For referenced documents with a specific date, subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions do not apply to this standard. However, parties who have agreed to use this standard are encouraged to investigate whether the latest versions of these documents can be applied. For references without a specific date, the latest version is applicable. - GB 2893: Safe Color - JB/T 6270—1992: Technical Conditions for Tooth Crushers - SB/T 10117: Hammer Mill
3. Safety Design Requirements 3.1 The design of the crusher must comply with the safety requirements outlined in this standard. 3.2 All components should be securely fastened to prevent loosening due to vibration or other operational conditions. 3.3 Protective Devices 3.3.1 All rotating parts that are exposed must be protected. The protective mesh should be designed so that no part of the human body can come into contact with the moving parts. 3.3.2 The guard must be sufficiently rigid to prevent deformation or displacement during use. 3.4 Feeding Port 3.4.1 For manually fed green and rough feeds (such as grasses, water lilies, wheat straw, corn stalks, and vines), the feed hopper must be at least 500 mm long, and the platform height should range between 700 mm and 1100 mm. 3.4.2 For grain feeders (e.g., wheat, soybeans, corn, dried sweet potatoes, and ground bean cakes), the crusher must be equipped with a particle hopper that allows controlled material flow. 3.4.3 Crushers with automatic feeding systems must include a protective device to prevent foreign objects from entering the crushing chamber. 3.4.4 Warning signs such as “Do not insert your hand into the crusher while it is operating†must be clearly displayed at manually operated feeding ports. 3.5 An interlocking mechanism must be installed to prevent the motor from starting if the crushing chamber door is not fully closed. This requirement does not apply to single crushers with power less than 1.85 kW, but manufacturers should include clear warnings in the user manual. 3.6 Each crusher must be equipped with an overload protection system and a grounding mark. For small-sized crushers that do not come with an electrical control box, the manufacturer should provide detailed instructions in the manual. 3.7 The outer shell and exposed parts of the shredder should be designed to avoid sharp edges or corners that could cause injury. 3.8 A prominent indicator showing the direction of the main shaft rotation must be placed on the crusher. 3.9 The electrical control box and motor must have reliable grounding measures. If a small shredder does not come with a motor, the manufacturer should provide clear warning instructions in the manual.
4. Manufacturing and Acceptance Requirements 4.1 The rotor of the crusher must be balanced according to the standards specified in SB/T 10117 for hammer mills. 4.2 In hammer mills, the mass difference between diametrically opposed hammers should not exceed 5g. For tooth jaw mills, the weight difference within the same group of flat teeth must conform to JB/T 6270—1992, section 3.4.2. 4.3 All rotating components should move freely without sticking or rubbing. The hammers on the rotor must be able to rotate freely around their pins under their own weight. 4.4 Guards and handles of the operating mechanism should be painted with a contrasting color to stand out against the machine’s base color. High-risk areas should be marked in accordance with GB 2893. 4.5 The dust concentration in the working area of the mill must not exceed 10 mg/m³. 4.6 Product labels must include the following information: - Product name - Standard number - Product model - Manufacturer's name - Power rating - Spindle speed - Date of manufacture
5. User Manual 5.1 The manufacturer must provide comprehensive instructions for the correct installation, use, and maintenance of the crusher. These instructions must clearly explain how to safely and correctly operate the equipment. Users should follow the guidelines strictly and be warned about the risks of improper usage. 5.2 The user manual should include the following sections: a) Information about the crusher itself, including: - A detailed description of the crusher, its guards, and interlocks - The intended use of the crusher - Key technical specifications b) Usage details: - Installation conditions (see 6.3) - Connection to the power source (see 6.2) - Safety procedures for manual feeding (see 3.4.4) - Settings, adjustments, and operating instructions (see 6.4) - Operating procedures, precautions, and common errors (see 6.5, 6.6) - Disabling procedures c) Maintenance guidance: Troubleshooting steps and basic fault diagnosis d) Contact information for the manufacturer, including address, phone, and fax numbers
6. Usage Requirements 6.1 Before operation, the operator must carefully read the user manual to understand the structure, performance, and operating procedures of the crusher. 6.2 The power supply must match the specifications of the crusher, and the spindle speed must not be altered arbitrarily. 6.3 The working area must be well-ventilated, spacious, and equipped with sufficient emergency evacuation space and reliable fire extinguishing equipment. 6.4 Before starting the machine, perform the necessary adjustments and maintenance as per the manual. Ensure all fasteners are tightened. Only after confirming the safety of the system, start the machine and run it empty for 2–3 minutes before feeding. Ensure the suction system is functioning properly before beginning the process. 6.5 If unusual noise is detected during operation, stop the machine immediately and check for issues. Never attempt to troubleshoot while the crusher is still running. 6.6 After completing the task, run the machine for 1–2 minutes to ensure all internal materials are discharged before shutting it down.
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