Since 1998, Shandong Liangyi Farm has been using the 2BQM-6A corn no-tillage precision seeder to introduce and promote new techniques in no-tillage machinery. Over the years, the farm has accumulated practical experience, which is now summarized below.
First, to ensure straight seed broadcasting and consistent spacing for easier field management later on, a special marker was developed. Permanent marker poles were placed in the field to guide the machine during operation. This significantly improved the accuracy of the sowing process.
Second, the machine occasionally experienced issues with seedlings being cut off due to foreign objects on the seeding trays. This led to suction problems, cultivation failures, or unexpected stoppages. To address this, operators must constantly monitor the seedlings and quickly remove any obstructions. Timely troubleshooting helps reduce downtime, and any missing seeds should be replanted as soon as possible.
Third, the problem of seedlings not being properly sucked into the planter often occurred at startup. This was mainly due to low engine throttle and slow rotation speed, which resulted in insufficient negative pressure. To avoid this, the operator should adjust the throttle before starting the machine to ensure proper seed suction.
Fourth, the issue of sparse seedlings and lower-than-expected yields happens annually. The main cause is wide plant spacing. This can be resolved by increasing the number of seed holes and adjusting the sprocket ratio. Another factor is the germination rate or the amount of seed used. The germination rate should exceed 90%, and before sowing, seeds should be cleaned, soaked, and properly prepared. The recommended seeding rate is about 38 kg per hectare, resulting in approximately 90,000 plants per hectare, with around 67,750 to 7,500 seedlings per hectare.
Fifth, to ensure uniform emergence of seedlings, the farm has adopted an optimized process flow based on field conditions: first, a combine harvester cuts wheat straw and returns it to the field; then, no-tillage sowing is carried out. A straw returning machine is used to crush the wheat stubble, followed by herbicide application and sprinkler irrigation. It's worth noting that chopped wheat stalks can be effectively returned to the soil. This practice helps cover the soil surface, suppress weed growth, keep the soil loose, and improve drought resistance.
Lastly, common faults of the 2BQM-6A model include one row of seed disks failing to pick up seeds, which may be caused by low rotation speed or blockage from debris. The intermediate shaft breaking is usually due to a tight belt. The knife not being buried or breaking is often the result of wear or looseness. Additionally, disc openers may fail to rotate due to poor bearing conditions, so regular inspection, lubrication, and adjustment are necessary to maintain smooth operation.
Through these experiences, the farm has continuously improved its no-tillage practices, making the process more efficient and reliable.
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