Catch fly technology and operating points

The incredible reproductive capacity and high nutritional value of flies are set to become an endless, premium protein source for the livestock industry, as well as for the development of medicines, health care products, biochemicals, pesticides, and other chemical materials. Research has shown that dried fly larvae powder contains 59% to 65% crude protein, 12% fat, and 43.83% total amino acids—three times more than fishmeal. This makes it a highly promising alternative in animal feed and human nutrition. Below is an introduction to the fly cage technology used in large-scale breeding. Breeding flies requires a controlled environment with fresh indoor air, a temperature maintained between 24°C and 30°C, a relative humidity of 50% to 70%, and at least 10 hours of light per day. The fly cages themselves are square in shape, measuring 50 cm in height, width, and depth. They are constructed using coarse iron wire or bamboo wood, with a plastic mesh cover. One side of the cage has a circular opening with a diameter of 20 cm, and a 30 cm cylinder is sewn on the mouth for easy access. Typically, three cages are placed together, each housing between 1,000 to 15,000 adult flies. The initial stock of sterile flies can be obtained from a demonstration base or cultivated from wild flies. Breeding methods include either raising cockroaches or sterilizing the flies after they emerge. Only large, healthy flies (not those that have already laid eggs) are selected and placed into the cage to produce sterile fly species. The main goal of raising these cages is to encourage females to lay eggs in one place. Inside the cage, four different components are placed: (1) A water dish for drinking, which is replaced daily. (2) A food dish containing a mixture of sterile mash, brown sugar, yeast, preservatives, and water, also changed daily. (3) An egg-laying cylinder filled with a mix of bran and attractants, used to lure females to lay eggs. After the eggs are transferred to the larval rearing box, the material is replaced. (4) A feathering cylinder, used specifically for newly emerged flies to rest and develop. Once the flies reach the end of their life cycle, they are culled and processed into feed. A full-cull and full-replacement breeding method is applied, where all 20-day-old flies are killed and processed. After disinfection, the cages are ready for the next batch. In the breeding room, the temperature is kept between 26°C and 35°C, with humidity at 65% to 70%. The facility includes breeding trays, bowls, temperature and humidity monitors, and heating equipment. Larvae are sensitive to light and prefer dark environments. For breeding, the pots are first filled with 5–8 cm of mixed food made primarily of animal manure, with a moisture content of 65%–75%. Then, one gram of fly eggs is added per kilogram of food. Within 12 hours, the eggs hatch into larvae. Each kilogram of pig manure can support about 0.5 kg of larvae. After five days of pupation and maturation, the pupae are collected and prepared for use. The separation process involves either the "strong light screening method" or the "anoxic method" to force the pupae out of the food. Once separated, the pupae are fed fresh broth, and excess material can be replaced with fish meal to create a nutritious mixed feed after drying and grinding into flour. Finally, the pupae are sifted and stored in the refrigerator for up to 15 days, ensuring a steady supply for future use. This comprehensive system allows for efficient, sustainable, and high-yield fly farming, contributing significantly to both agricultural and industrial applications.

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