Sclerotinia is an infrequent disease in rapeseed production in our province. It can infect the rape in every growth period of rapeseed, but it is mainly affected by anthesis during flowering period. From March to April, germ sclerotia germinated to produce ascospores. The spores spread through the air flow and invade the senescent leaves and petals of rapeseed; the infected petals fall on the plant stalks and cause stalks to attack, resulting in cracking and breaking of the stalk epidermis. The stems wilted and died.
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a typical climate-type disease, and its severity is most closely related to the weather conditions during the flowering period of rapeseed from late March to early April. Rainy weather during the flowering season, and high humidity in the field, the incidence is heavy. The reporter learned from the Provincial Plant Protection Station that the occurrence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in our province has not been serious in recent years, mainly because the weather conditions during the flowering period of rapeseed are more favorable to the growth of rapeseed and it is not conducive to the invasion of germs, and the occurrence and development of the disease has been relatively large. limit. However, due to the fact that there are no large antibacterial nuclear diseases that can be applied on a large scale in the province's rapeseed production, and the amount of bacteria in the field is sufficient, Sclerotinia will occur more severely if weather conditions occur.
It is known that the degree of occurrence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum has a certain relationship with the variety. At present, the main rapeseed varieties of Qinyou No.7, Qinyou No.10, Qinyou No.11, and Shi Lijia of our province are not strong, especially Shi Lijia. Rapeseed varieties such as Qinyou No. 7 have unlimited flowering habits, long flowering period, long period of susceptible, and increased risk of disease. In addition, the number of severe anomalous weather has increased in recent years. For example, rapeseed was affected by early winter and sustained low temperature in winter and spring last year. It was generally affected by a certain degree of waterlogging in the previous period, and the development of roots was hindered. Some dry land rapes were also affected by freezing damage, and the resistance of plants decreased. It is conducive to the invasion and onset of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. According to relevant information, the degree of damage to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in the province in the first half of this year was heavier than that of the previous year, with an area of ​​3.84 million mu, accounting for 56%, which was 10% higher than the previous year.
At present, chemical control is the main method for prevention and control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and it should be actively controlled during the flowering period of rapeseed. In general, the year of normal rapeseed weather can only be used when the flowering rate of the main stem in the field is 80% and the primary branch stems bloom 50%. This will have a good control effect; About 7 days after the first medication, medication is applied again to ensure the control effect. Pharmaceutics may use carbendazim, bacteriophage, procymidone, sclerotin, ethidium bromide and so on. At present, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum has begun to exhibit certain resistance to the commonly used drug carbendazim, and the sclerotium and other drugs should be mixed or used interchangeably with the drug when controlling the drug. Rape plants are tall during the flowering period and cover the fields. The amount of water must be increased. The spray should be sprayed on the lower part of the plant. The amount of water sprayed per mu by hand should be 40-50 kilograms, and the amount of mist sprayer should be 20 kilograms per mu.
In addition to doing a good job of chemical control, during the growth of rapeseed, we should also strengthen management and improve the plant's resistance to disease. Timely clearing and squeezing and eliminating water in the field can reduce the humidity in the field and reduce the occurrence of diseases. The timely removal of diseased leaves and the old yellow leaves in the lower part of the field can bring about concentrated treatment outside the field, which can reduce the sources of re-infestation and prevent the disease from spreading. Can improve the ventilation and light conditions in the field, is conducive to robust growth of rapeseed; rape late growth nitrogen fertilizer, increased phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and boron, manganese and other trace elements, to prevent flowering knot angle leggy, lodging and premature aging of defertilizer.
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a typical climate-type disease, and its severity is most closely related to the weather conditions during the flowering period of rapeseed from late March to early April. Rainy weather during the flowering season, and high humidity in the field, the incidence is heavy. The reporter learned from the Provincial Plant Protection Station that the occurrence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in our province has not been serious in recent years, mainly because the weather conditions during the flowering period of rapeseed are more favorable to the growth of rapeseed and it is not conducive to the invasion of germs, and the occurrence and development of the disease has been relatively large. limit. However, due to the fact that there are no large antibacterial nuclear diseases that can be applied on a large scale in the province's rapeseed production, and the amount of bacteria in the field is sufficient, Sclerotinia will occur more severely if weather conditions occur.
It is known that the degree of occurrence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum has a certain relationship with the variety. At present, the main rapeseed varieties of Qinyou No.7, Qinyou No.10, Qinyou No.11, and Shi Lijia of our province are not strong, especially Shi Lijia. Rapeseed varieties such as Qinyou No. 7 have unlimited flowering habits, long flowering period, long period of susceptible, and increased risk of disease. In addition, the number of severe anomalous weather has increased in recent years. For example, rapeseed was affected by early winter and sustained low temperature in winter and spring last year. It was generally affected by a certain degree of waterlogging in the previous period, and the development of roots was hindered. Some dry land rapes were also affected by freezing damage, and the resistance of plants decreased. It is conducive to the invasion and onset of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. According to relevant information, the degree of damage to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in the province in the first half of this year was heavier than that of the previous year, with an area of ​​3.84 million mu, accounting for 56%, which was 10% higher than the previous year.
At present, chemical control is the main method for prevention and control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and it should be actively controlled during the flowering period of rapeseed. In general, the year of normal rapeseed weather can only be used when the flowering rate of the main stem in the field is 80% and the primary branch stems bloom 50%. This will have a good control effect; About 7 days after the first medication, medication is applied again to ensure the control effect. Pharmaceutics may use carbendazim, bacteriophage, procymidone, sclerotin, ethidium bromide and so on. At present, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum has begun to exhibit certain resistance to the commonly used drug carbendazim, and the sclerotium and other drugs should be mixed or used interchangeably with the drug when controlling the drug. Rape plants are tall during the flowering period and cover the fields. The amount of water must be increased. The spray should be sprayed on the lower part of the plant. The amount of water sprayed per mu by hand should be 40-50 kilograms, and the amount of mist sprayer should be 20 kilograms per mu.
In addition to doing a good job of chemical control, during the growth of rapeseed, we should also strengthen management and improve the plant's resistance to disease. Timely clearing and squeezing and eliminating water in the field can reduce the humidity in the field and reduce the occurrence of diseases. The timely removal of diseased leaves and the old yellow leaves in the lower part of the field can bring about concentrated treatment outside the field, which can reduce the sources of re-infestation and prevent the disease from spreading. Can improve the ventilation and light conditions in the field, is conducive to robust growth of rapeseed; rape late growth nitrogen fertilizer, increased phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and boron, manganese and other trace elements, to prevent flowering knot angle leggy, lodging and premature aging of defertilizer.
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