With the promotion and application of insect-resistant cotton in a large area of ​​production, cotton production in the cotton area is constantly increasing and the economic income of the cotton farmers is increasing. Due to the planting of insect-resistant cotton, it can reduce the input of pesticides, save time and labor, protect the ecological environment, and is very popular among farmers. However, in actual production, it was found that part of cotton farmers' insect resistance against insect pests and special requirements for management measures against insect pests were lack of comprehensive and correct understanding. As a result, insect cotton resistance to insects and high yield could not be well demonstrated. Affecting economic benefits, the following is a summary of the problems and preventive measures in the production of insect-resistant cotton for reference.
First, the sowing date is late. Most cotton farmers plant insect-resistant cotton, just like ordinary cotton, and sow the wheat yellow water before and after May 20. As the insect-resistant cotton germinates slowly, it should be planted in advance, and it is generally appropriate to sow on May 10-15.
Second, the amount of fertilizer is insufficient. Due to the slow growth of the insect-resistant cotton seedlings, the requirements for the early emergence of strong seedlings cannot be met according to the amount of fertilization and fertilization methods used to grow conventional cotton. Planting insect-resistant cotton generally uses basal fertilizer at a rate of 1-2% higher than that of conventional cotton, and applies Miaofei as early as possible. After wheat is harvested, it is combined with cultivating and cultivating. 2000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer, 20 kg of urea, 40 kg of superphosphate, and potassium sulfate are applied per mu. 15 kilograms, bud to the initial flowering period of 10 kilograms per acre urea, cake fat 50 kilograms.
Third, the planting density is smaller. Compared with ordinary cotton, insect-resistant cotton has concentrated bolls, high rate of bells, but small bells, so planting density should be slightly larger than conventional cotton, so 6000-8000 plants per mu, 5-8 plants per plant It is appropriate.
Fourth, improper pest control. According to our investigation, some cotton farmers believe that as long as planting insect-resistant cotton, they will once and for all, wait for the harvest, neglect the timely prevention and control of pests and diseases, miss the key period of pest control, and affect cotton production; another part of the cotton farmers see the insects to cure, and are not fully utilized. The resistance of insect-resistant cotton will increase the cost and will not be worth the candle.
In fact, the insect-resistant cotton currently promoted in production are all transgenic insect-resistant cotton. The main insect pests against lepidoptera, such as cotton bollworm, corn borer, and bridge-building insects, do not produce any non-lepidopteran pests and all diseases. Any role, such as red spider, cotton aphid, cotton blind locust, etc., these non-Lepidoptera pests have an increasing trend, so it should be more timely control of non-Lepidoptera pests and strengthen the prevention and treatment of diseases. In addition, the resistance of insect-resistant cotton to lepidopteran pests (H. armigera) is well-tolerated at the seedling stage and requires no control. After three generations of cotton bollworm, the resistance of insect-resistant cotton was significantly reduced in the occurrence period of cotton bollworm. The insect pests should be monitored and reported. After three generations of larvae reaching 20-25/100 plants, prevention and control should be carried out in time.
Fifth, control is not scientific. Some farmers rely on the habit of planting ordinary cotton to control the insect-resistant cotton at the seedling stage. Because the insect-resistant cotton grows slowly in the early stage, the cotton plant is too short to affect the yield. Generally should be in the middle of July, 7 days after the top of the control once, plant height control is appropriate in about 70 cm.
Sixth, late management is extensive. Insect-resistant cotton cream has more flowers, but its growth is weak in the later period and it is prone to premature aging. It is necessary to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water in a timely manner. In early August, 5 to 6 kg of urea should be applied in combination with watering per acre, and every second week in late August. Once, spraying 3000-4000 times potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 1-2% urea solution, spraying 2-3 times. In the late growth stage of insect-resistant cotton, pests and diseases are likely to breed and spread, and in particular, spider mites will spread to disasters. Prevention and control of pests and diseases shall be strengthened, and insecticides, fungicides, and acaricides shall be sprayed with the top dressing, such as 20% idle speed. 1000 times liquid, 1.8% avermectin (Insect grams) 1000-1500 times liquid, etc., when conditions are available, several pesticides can be used interchangeably.
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