Canna Rust, also known as rust on canna plants, is a common fungal disease found in southern Chinese cities. It affects the leaves, causing them to turn brown and dry over time. The primary cause is a rust fungus that easily infects the plant, leading to dark brown spots and cracked black lesions. This double damage worsens the condition, causing the leaves to curl and wither. To manage this disease, it's essential to maintain good garden hygiene by promptly removing infected leaves and reducing the spread of the infection. A 0.2–0.3% lime sulfur solution can be applied every 10–15 days to help control the disease.
Phlox White Spot Disease, also called spot blotch, commonly affects phlox plants and can be quite destructive. The disease starts from the lower leaves and gradually moves upward. Infected leaves eventually die. It is primarily caused by fungi of the genus *Septoria*, which survive on fallen leaves. Therefore, it's important to remove and destroy infected leaves in autumn to reduce the source of infection. During an outbreak, spraying with 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder diluted 800–1000 times can effectively disinfect and prevent further spread.
Chrysanthemum Red Spotted Erythropolis is a serious disease affecting flowers like *Hippeastrum* and *Baidulian*. It mainly damages the leaves and pedicels, causing ulcers or small spots, leading to leaf deformation. When the pedicel is infected, it may bend or become deformed, preventing flowering. To prevent this, use disease-free bulbs for propagation and ensure good air circulation between plants. During an outbreak, applying 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder at a 700-fold dilution can help control the disease.
Narcissus Big Brown Spot, also known as fire cluster disease, is a widespread issue globally. Once infected, the leaves appear burned, and the plant becomes stunted. It also affects other plants like *Zhuding red*, *Clivia*, and *Wen Shulan*. To manage it, remove diseased leaves promptly and soak bulbs in a 50% benzoate solution for 15–30 minutes. This method can control the disease effectively, with an efficiency rate of up to 75.8%.
Appendix Rust is a major disease affecting various plants, especially those in the *Tulipa* genus. Infected plants show chlorotic patches that develop into pale yellow or rusty yellow spots, leading to early yellowing and plant death. To manage it, remove infected leaves, rotate planting areas, and apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to boost resistance. Treatments include 25% triadimefon WP at 1500–2000 times, 20% Versalcin EC at 400–600 times, and 80% dexamethasone WP at 500–700 times.
Tulip Broken Color Disease is a global problem that causes bulb degeneration over time. Infected leaves display mosaic patterns or pale green markings, and severe cases lead to stunted growth and distorted leaves. The disease is caused by the tulip virus, which spreads through sap, aphids, or other insects. Control involves using insecticides to manage aphid populations, destroying infected plants, and avoiding planting tulips near lilies to prevent cross-infection.
Cyclamen Gray Mold is a common greenhouse disease found throughout China. It affects all parts of the plant, particularly leaves, petioles, and petals. Infected leaves develop lesions that eventually rot, while petioles and pedicels suffer from brown soft rot. Petals may also decay, making this disease highly dangerous. To prevent it, avoid plant injuries, remove infected leaves promptly, and apply 70% thiophanate-methyl WP at 800–1000 times or 50% carbendazim at 500–800 times.
Camellia Leaf Spot is prevalent in southern China, affecting leaves and young stems. Infected leaves develop grayish or yellow-brown spots, later turning dark brown and smooth. The disease is caused by a parasitic green algae, *Cephalosporium*. Proper fertilization, timely pruning, and spraying with a 0.6–0.7% Bordeaux mixture can help manage the disease effectively.
Narcissus Yellow Stripe Disease is a common viral infection affecting daffodils worldwide. It causes mottled, discolored patches, yellow streaks along veins, and sometimes stunted growth. The virus is transmitted by aphids, so controlling these pests is crucial. Using a 50% alfalfa fog solution at 4000 times can help manage aphid populations. Removing infected plants and selecting healthy seedlings for propagation are also key prevention strategies.
Peony Ringworm is a traditional Chinese flower affected by the tobacco rattle virus. Infected leaves show yellow-green rings or mosaics, and plants become stunted. The virus spreads through sap, pollen, and soil nematodes. Controlling soil nematodes with products like Yishubao or Kelvin, and promptly removing and destroying infected plants, are essential steps in managing this disease.
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