At present, during the summer holiday season, Tianyingjiao (a type of chili pepper) production in Tianjin is also in its fruiting stage. Proper management plays a crucial role in ensuring high yield and quality. Therefore, the following key points should be carefully considered in the production process:
**I. Moisture Management**
Currently, the crop is at the end of its fruiting period. It is important to maintain consistent soil moisture to support healthy growth. However, as late September approaches and the fruits begin to ripen, water supply should be gradually reduced to encourage better color development and maturation. In case of heavy rainfall, immediate drainage is necessary to avoid waterlogging, which can lead to root rot and other issues.
**II. Fertilization**
The fruit development stage is when the plant requires the most nutrients. In late June and early July, apply 5 kg of urea, 10 kg of diammonium phosphate, and 10 kg of potassium sulfate per acre. After mid-August, avoid applying nitrogen-based fertilizers to prevent excessive vegetative growth and delayed maturity. From mid-July to late July, foliar sprays rich in phosphorus and potassium can be applied every 7–10 days to enhance fruit quality and resistance.
**III. Pest and Disease Control**
1. **Disease Prevention and Control**
Diseases should be managed through prevention and timely intervention. When symptoms are observed, appropriate pesticides should be used immediately.
- **Virus Disease**: One of the most common diseases affecting chili peppers. Symptoms include mosaic patterns, yellowing, necrosis, and deformation. To manage it, apply Imidacloprid every 15 days after infestation. For prevention, use 15% chlorfenapyr at 7–8 months, or spray 20% virus disease A wettable powder diluted 500 times, or antiviral agent No. 1 diluted 200–300 times, every 7 days for 3–4 applications.
- **Fusarium Wilt**: Causes wilting and death of plants. Once detected, spray 500 mg of aluminum oxycyanide manganese zinc, or 75% antiviral agent diluted 200–300 times, every 7 days for 3–4 times.
- **Anthracnose**: Leads to leaf drop. Apply mancozeb WP 400 times, 75% chlorothalonil 600 times, or 70% thiophanate-methyl 400 times starting from early July, spraying every 7–10 days for 2–3 times.
- **Sunburn**: A physiological disorder caused by intense sunlight. Prevent it by proper planting density and intercropping with tall crops.
- **Seedling Blight and Blast**: Common in seedbeds. Ensure strict soil disinfection and proper temperature and moisture control. Use 75% chlorothalonil 600 times or 70% mancozeb 500 times after emergence, spraying every 7–10 days for 2–3 times.
2. **Insect Pests**
- **Cotton Bollworm**: A major pest that damages the crop. Control it before larvae reach the third instar using 50% phoxim EC 2000 times or 40% acephate EC 1000 times. Monitor and control pests on nearby corn fields.
- **Locust Nymphs**: Multiply rapidly; treat them early in the seedling stage. Use 40% omethoate 1000–2000 times or 50% phoxim EC 1500 times.
- **Red Spider Mites**: Can cause significant damage. Spray 50% dichlorvos 800 times, 20% triclosan 800 times, or 57% Kotel EC 800 times.
- **Cutworms**: Harm young seedlings. Target 1st to 3rd instar larvae with 50% phoxim 800 times or 90% dipterex 1000 times for root treatment.
Proper attention to these management practices will help ensure a successful harvest and improve the overall quality of the Tianyingjiao crop.
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