China is one of the countries with the lowest per capita water resources in the world. According to a global ranking of 153 countries and regions, China ranks 121st, with only 2,000 cubic meters of water available per person—equivalent to just 1/4 to 1/5 of the global average. In northern, northwestern, and northeastern China, which cover over 50% of the country's total land area, water resources account for less than 20% of the national total. This uneven distribution has created a severe water scarcity crisis, especially in agricultural areas. To address this issue, it is crucial to promote water-saving technologies and practices in farming.
Currently, the efficiency of water use in Chinese agriculture remains low, largely due to the irregular topography of farmland. Most plots are small and uneven, with height differences ranging from 30 to 50 cm. Traditional flood irrigation leads to soil erosion on high ground and waterlogging on low ground, which negatively affects crop yield and quality. It also results in significant water wastage and increases the risk of sandstorms, further degrading the ecological environment. To tackle these challenges, improving land leveling is essential.
With the advancement of agricultural mechanization, Leica has introduced advanced flat control systems designed specifically for farming. These systems have gained widespread adoption as China continues to develop its agricultural sector. The Ministry of Agriculture has prioritized high-efficiency agriculture, and laser leveling technology has been recognized as a key innovation. This technology has been officially included in national agricultural development plans.
The laser leveling system uses a wheeled tractor as the main power source, with a working radius of up to 300 meters, an operational width of 4 meters, and an efficiency of 5–83 kilometers per hour. It can level soil to a depth of 50–100 mm per pass, achieving a flatness accuracy of ±1.0–1.5 cm. This precision ensures even water distribution and improved crop growth.
The system consists of several components, including a laser sweeper (either domestic or imported), a proportional laser receiver, a digital controller, and a control handle. These devices work together to automatically adjust the blade and achieve precise land leveling. The laser sweeper features automatic leveling capabilities, and if it experiences vibration or collision, it will stop the laser signal and re-level itself.
The proportional laser receiver is mounted on the blade and receives the laser signal to determine the standard height. It then transmits this information to the digital controller through a cable. The rotating laser transmitter emits a reference plane with a diameter of 500–900 meters, which is used to guide the leveling process.
This technology is not only effective for general land leveling but also suitable for well irrigation, drainage, and even irrigation land formation. It is particularly beneficial for transforming old paddy fields and developing new ones, such as converting dryland into paddy fields.
Using Leica’s laser technology for land leveling offers multiple benefits: it saves water, reduces land use, conserves fertilizers, and increases crop yields. It also enhances efficiency, lowers costs, and improves the overall mechanization of agricultural operations. For instance, the flatness achieved by the system allows machinery to operate more effectively, enabling the use of equipment originally designed for dry fields in paddy fields, thus boosting rice production mechanization.
Water conservation is one of the most significant advantages. With a flatness error of no more than 2 cm, this technology can save over 30% of water, equivalent to about 100 cubic meters per mu. Land savings can reach 3–5%, allowing for more efficient use of available space. Fertilizer usage becomes more uniform, increasing utilization by 20% and reducing losses. As a result, crop emergence rates improve, and yields increase by 20–30%.
Moreover, the implementation of this technology reduces production costs by 6.3–15.4% across various crops like rice, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and corn. It also improves work efficiency, reduces labor intensity, and helps conserve water. By improving water retention and reducing groundwater overuse, it contributes to environmental protection and the long-term sustainability of agricultural ecosystems.
Overall, Leica’s laser land leveling technology is driving the shift toward precision agriculture in China, promoting sustainable development and enhancing both productivity and profitability in the agricultural sector.
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