China is one of the countries with the lowest per capita water resources. In a global ranking of 153 countries and regions, China ranks 121st, with only 2,000 cubic meters of water available per person—equivalent to just 1/4 to 1/5 of the global average. The northern, northwestern, and northeastern regions of China, which cover over 50% of the country's total land area, hold only about 20% of the nation’s total water resources. This imbalance creates a serious challenge for sustainable development. To address this issue, it is crucial to promote water-saving technologies in agricultural production.
Currently, the efficiency of water use in Chinese agriculture is relatively low. This is largely due to the uneven terrain of farmland, where most plots are small and irregular, with height differences ranging from 30 to 50 cm. Traditional flood irrigation methods lead to soil erosion on higher areas and waterlogging on lower ones, negatively impacting crop yield and quality. This not only wastes water but also increases the risk of sandstorms and damages the ecological environment.
To overcome these challenges, improving land leveling is essential. With the advancement of agricultural mechanization, companies like Leica have introduced advanced flat control systems to enhance farming efficiency. These systems have gained significant attention from the Ministry of Agriculture, as they align with the push for high-efficiency agriculture. Laser leveling technology has now been recognized as a key project by the government.
The laser leveling system uses a wheeled tractor as its power source, covering an area within a 300-meter radius. It can work at speeds of 5–83 kilometers per hour, with a digging depth of 50–100 mm per pass and a flatness accuracy of -1.0 to +1.5 cm. This precision ensures optimal water distribution and soil management.
The system includes a laser leveler, a proportional laser receiver, a digital controller, and a control handle. The laser leveler automatically adjusts the surface, stopping the laser if there is any vibration or collision. It features a unique re-leveling function that ensures accuracy. The laser receiver, mounted on the blade, detects the laser signal and sends data to the controller, enabling real-time adjustments.
This technology is also ideal for well irrigation, drainage, and land formation, especially in the conversion of dry fields into paddy fields. It enhances the mechanization of rice production and allows for better use of machinery across different types of farmland.
The benefits of using Leica's laser leveling technology are significant:
1. **Water Saving**: By achieving a flatness of ±2 cm, the system saves over 30% of water, equivalent to 100 cubic meters per mu.
2. **Land Saving**: With precise leveling, the land use area can be reduced by 3–5%, maximizing land utilization.
3. **Fertilizer Saving**: Improved flatness ensures even fertilizer distribution, increasing utilization by 20% and reducing loss.
4. **Production Increase**: Crop yields can rise by 20–30%, while also improving crop quality.
This technology reduces production costs by 6.3–15.4% for crops such as rice, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and corn, while boosting profitability. It also improves work efficiency, reduces labor intensity, and helps conserve water resources.
Additionally, the implementation of this technology prevents soil erosion, enhances water retention, and promotes sustainable groundwater use. It slows the decline of groundwater levels and mitigates environmental issues. Overall, it supports the shift toward precision agriculture, contributing to long-term ecological and economic sustainability.
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