Fertilization of fruit trees should go beyond the error of chemical fertilizers

Fruit tree science fertilization is the key to fertility orchard fertility, promote soil loosening, maintain good soil aeration, improve soil ecological and environmental conditions, supplement and regulate soil nutrition, promote robust and balanced growth of fruit trees, and promote the continuous high yield, high quality and high efficiency of fruit trees. Measures. In the production practice, due to the fact that the fruit growers fertilize without science, it not only causes waste of money, but also reduces the yield and quality of fruit, and even damages the fruit tree. In order to guide fruit agriculture fertilization, the reporter interviewed Bao Mingsheng, head of the original fruit tree station of the Jinan Municipal Bureau of Forestry. He will introduce the types of fertilization, fertilization amount, fertilization time and fertilization method to the fruit farmers.
Bao Mingsheng pointed out that the type of fertilizer applied to fruit trees should be selected based on the fertility of the soil and the need to adapt to the growth of fruit trees. Fertile soil conditions are the basis for the robust growth of fruit trees. The criterion for measuring soil fertility is the content of soil organic matter, soil organic matter, soil moisture, good ventilation, enhanced water retention and fertility, and a good environment for beneficial bacteria to survive and multiply. Promote healthy root growth.

The rapid growth of young fruit trees requires more nitrogen; the growth, flowering, fruiting, flower bud formation, and fruit quality of adult fruit trees require a balance of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as a full range of trace elements. Therefore, in addition to increasing nitrogen fertilizer in young fruit trees, fertilization of mature fruit trees should increase soil organic matter as much as possible, maintain a reasonable ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as comprehensive trace elements.

However, from the early 1980s onwards, most orchards moved into the erroneous zone of simplification of fertilizers. Increasing the use of high-level chemical fertilizers has become a customary trend. The concept of high input and high output of fertilizers is deeply rooted in people's minds, resulting in more and more fruit tree production. High, taste and quality are getting worse. According to Bao Mingsheng, for the past 30 years, the orchards have used chemical fertilizers for a long time. First, the soil fertility has been destroyed. Due to the severe shortage of organic matter in the soil, soil compaction, poor ventilation, loss of beneficial living organisms, and the proliferation of harmful pathogens not only affect the robust growth of roots, but also cause serious root diseases. The second is serious physical disease. Due to the depletion of trace elements in the soil, apple leaf disease, iron deficiency disease, bitter pit disease, red spot, black spot, molting, fruit shrink disease, pear iron head disease, and apricot scar disease commonly occur. The third is the decline in fruit quality. Due to the simple application of chemical fertilizers for a long time, soil organic matter is scarce and nutrients are single, resulting in a general decline in fruit quality. For example, Laiyang Pear, which is famous both at home and abroad, has a rich aroma and is crunchy and juicy. It is not fragrant or sweet. The fourth is that the branches are long and easy to appear. The long-term application of high-level chemical fertilizers tends to focus on nitrogen fertilizers, resulting in persistent and slender shoots, and it is prone to apple malnutrition. Especially in the autumn and rainy years, the plain fruit orchard generally has the result of a minor year in the second year. This is a lesson of the fact that there are many nitrogen fertilizers and the branches are persistent. Bao Mingsheng emphasized that the current farmers must renew their concepts, change their awareness of fertilization, go beyond the mistakes of chemical fertilizers, and turn to fermented and cooked farmyard fertilizers or high-quality commodity organic fertilizers. The principle of using organic fertilizers as the main body and chemical fertilizers as supplements to scientific fertilization are the principles.

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