Master timely production
There are several principles for mastering the opening date: After the commercial duck or egg breeder duck is raised to 90 to 100 days of age, the duck population develops increasingly neatly, the weight reaches 1.3 to 1.5 kg, the feathers are long and shiny, and the sound is loud and clear. Acting lively. When there is a majority of female ducks with such performance, the concentrate in the feed can be gradually increased, the coarse material can be reduced, and the animal feed can be supplemented in time. The crude protein level in the diet can be increased to 16% to 18% so that after production, approximately The egg production peak was reached after 2 weeks.
Feed full price feeds to meet the need for egg production
Captive ducks are fed full-rate feeds, and nutrients can meet the feeding standards of ducks. When formulating feeds, it is necessary to ensure diversification and relative stability of feed varieties, and to formulate different nutritional levels of full-priced feeds according to different climatic conditions and egg production levels to meet the nutritional needs of egg production. In summer, due to the high temperature, the feed intake of ducks decreases, and the protein level of ducks ingested also decreases. To meet the nutritional needs of ducks, the protein content in the diet must be increased, and the protein/energy ratio and protein level must be increased. It can be increased by 1%~2%, which is about 18%. At the same time can increase the amount of vitamin supplements in the diet of the original 30% to 50%, so as to supplement the shortage of vitamin supplements in summer feeding ducks. In the winter, the energy level in the diet should be properly increased, with 12.0-12.5 megajoules of heat energy per kilogram of feed, supplemented with amino acids and vitamins to ensure the nutritional needs of the egg production.
Strengthen feeding management
In-house feeding management. When the egg production rate of the female duck reaches 30% to 50%, it is fed 4 times a day; when the laying rate is above 50%, it is fed 5 times a day. The amount of feed at the end of the night is a little more, so it is better not to leave it as it is. There should be enough sand in the vicinity of the shed for ducks to eat freely. During the breeding process, raising the ducklings too fat or too thin is not conducive to egg production. After the ducks eat, they can bath 2 or 3 times a day in spring and autumn, each time the water time is 15 to 30 minutes; the number of daily water activities in summer is not limited, but heat stroke should be prevented. When you go ashore, you should air dry your feathers and drive into the pens to rest. When heavy rain or winter rains and rains are not allowed to go out for activities, ducks should be slaughtered 6 to 8 times a day, 2 to 3 minutes each time, so that the ducks get proper exercise. Egg laying ducks are sensitive to environmental changes, and they are prone to crowding, swooping, barking and other unrest after being frightened, resulting in reduced egg production or production of soft shell eggs. In the event of a frightened group, the breeder should immediately call the ducks to calm them down as soon as possible.
Winter management. The suitable temperature in the duck house is 10~20°C. Below 0°C, the egg production of ducks will drop drastically. When the temperature rises above 28°C, the feed intake of ducks will decrease. If the work is not done well, the ducks will stop moulting. In order to reduce the distribution of heat in the duck houses and prevent the cold northerly wind from spreading in winter, the north window can be sealed with bricks and mud. In cold regions, there must be heating equipment in the winter duck house to increase the temperature of the house; warm water and warm food should be given during feeding, and the energy level in the diet of ducks and ducks should be appropriately increased to increase fresh material and green feed. Guarantee the nutritional needs of egg production. In addition, it is also necessary to reduce the time that ducks stay in the stadium.
Reasonable lighting. In order to prevent disturbances and rat damage, so that ducks can better rest and lay eggs at night, they must be equipped with lighting equipment. Each duck house should have 6 to 40 to 60 watts of electric light for night lighting, but the light intensity should be about the same. Too bright and too dark will cause the ducks to buzz, requiring 3 to 3.5 watts of illumination per square meter. Turn on the light sooner or later every day so that the light and the sun shine. Keep it 14 to 16 hours a day. Supplemental lighting hours cannot be ignored or stopped. Otherwise, adverse consequences will result. In the cold winter, artificially supplemented with light, as long as it can strengthen nutrition at the same time, pay attention to keep warm, ducks can also get a considerable rate of egg production.
Artificial forced moulting
It takes 3 to 4 months for the ducklings to produce a natural moult. In order to shorten moulting production time, reduce feeding costs, increase egg production rate and breeder egg quality, forced moulting must be performed on female ducks.
Forced moulting method. When the egg production rate of the female duck drops to 20 to 30%, some of the female duck's main wing feathers have begun to fall off, and forced moulting can be implemented. On the first day, the duck group was changed from grazing to captivity. The original captivity was changed to house feeding, bathing was stopped, and the lighting was stopped at night; on the 2nd day, the concentrate was halved to feed the animal feed; on the 3rd day, the feed was continuously reduced and stopped. Cereal feed to stop moulting and stop drinking on the 4th day; on the 5th day early in the morning or in the evening, quickly pull out the unseparated main wing feathers and tail feathers. If it is easy to pull out and the root has dried up, no bleeding can be done. Roots are pulled out and pulled out once, otherwise they should be removed every 2 to 3 days.
Feeding management during moulting. Before compulsory moulting, individual ducklings were first investigated for nutrition and health, and sick and thin ducks were eliminated in time to avoid excessive deaths and unnecessary economic losses during manual forced moulting. Secondly, one or two weeks before the artificial compulsory moulting, the ducks that have not been immunized with various vaccines are supplemented with vaccines such as duck gizzards and fowl cholera, and they are dewormed and debrided in order to adapt to the labor caused by artificial forced moulting. , and maintain the health of the duck group next year. During the moulting period, in addition to limiting the drinking water and food of ducks in part or all of the first 5 to 10 days, normal feed and drinking water supplies should be restored later, especially for animal proteins rich in amino acids such as methionine and cystine. Feed, such as fish meal, feather meal, etc. In addition, some vitamins and commonly used trace elements should also be added to the diet, especially suitable for supplementing more calcium-containing minerals. However, the calcium content in the diet should be 70%~80% lower than the egg production period, and the diet can contain about 0.8% calcium. During the moulting period, the male and female were separately raised and the feeding management and disease prevention work were respectively strengthened.
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