Hedgerows play a vital role in the landscape, serving as natural green spaces that enhance biodiversity and aesthetics. Proper maintenance of hedgerows involves more than just pruning; it also requires careful attention to soil, fertilizer, and water management.
Soil care is essential for the health of hedgerows. After planting, the soil tends to compact over time, which restricts root growth and hinders the development of new shoots and leaves. To prevent this, regular soil loosening is necessary. The frequency of tilling depends on the soil type and its condition. Typically, tilling should be done once a month. When working with dense plantings, it's important to use the right tools and handle the roots with care to minimize damage.
For long-established hedgerows, issues such as soil erosion, water runoff, and rodent activity can cause uneven root systems, bare spots, and poor growth. These problems not only affect plant health but also reduce the visual appeal of the hedge. Soil cultivation helps restore the root system by adding suitable soil—preferably sandy loam or loam with good drainage and no weed seeds. The amount of soil added should be enough to cover the roots without smothering them. After cultivation, watering helps settle the soil and encourages root establishment.
In cases where the existing soil is poor, contaminated, or overly compacted, soil replacement may be necessary. This can be done through partial or full replacement. Partial replacement involves removing old soil from one side of the hedge and replacing it with fresh soil, while full replacement means updating both sides. Soil changes are best carried out in the fall, when the root system is actively growing. Key steps include carefully digging around the roots using tools like iron claws to avoid damaging them, using high-quality soil with good structure and nutrients, filling the area promptly to prevent root exposure, compacting the new soil, and watering thoroughly. After replacement, some plants may lean slightly due to settling, so monitoring and adjustment may be needed.
Fertilization is another critical aspect of hedgerow care. A base fertilizer should be applied at the start of the growing season, placed along the edge of the hedge in trenches that reach the absorption roots. The trench depth and width are usually around 30 cm. Organic fertilizers such as compost or manure are ideal for long-term soil health.
Top dressing is also necessary each year to encourage new growth. Quick-acting fertilizers, either applied directly to the soil or through foliar sprays, are effective for this purpose. Foliar sprays containing urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate can improve leaf color and shoot development. Watering is equally important, especially during dry periods. Hedgerows should be watered regularly, using methods like drip irrigation if available. In areas prone to waterlogging, proper drainage is crucial to prevent root rot. Installing drainage ditches and monitoring low-lying areas during rainy seasons can help maintain healthy hedgerows.
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