After selecting the bluegrass, it must be potted properly. Orchids have fleshy roots and require excellent drainage. It is recommended to use leaf mold or mountain soil rich in humus—commonly known as "orchid mud," which can be purchased from a local flower shop. The ideal pH level for this type of soil is between 5.5 and 6.5. Alternatively, you can collect mountain soil from rocky areas with sand and stone, or prepare an acidic culture mix. If using wild mountain soil, it should be sifted to remove any impurities like stones or debris. For best results, let the soil age for 1–2 years before use. Before planting, expose the soil to sunlight for sterilization, then store it in a cool, dry place.
The best time to repot orchids is during spring (March to April) or autumn (October to November). Choose pots that are small, deep, and wide depending on the size of the plant. Newly dug wild seedlings should be planted in clay pots (deep mud pots) to allow better air circulation and faster drying of the soil, which helps them root more easily. Mature plants that are 2–3 years old can be moved into zisha or porcelain pots.
When planting orchids, the process differs from regular flowers, especially for famous orchid species. It's crucial to ensure the roots are fully submerged in clean water. Gently scrub the roots with an old toothbrush or soft brush, being careful not to damage them. Trim off any yellow leaves, broken roots, or black-rotted roots, but avoid harming the new shoots. After cleaning, let the plant dry in a cool, well-ventilated area until the roots appear white and slightly wrinkled. Then, place it into the pot.
Drainage is essential when preparing the pot. For clay pots, fill the bottom with rags to improve drainage. For zirconia pots, use perforated nylon mesh. Before planting, add a layer of coarse stones at the bottom, filling about one-fifth of the pot’s depth. Then add a 3–5 cm layer of coarse soil, followed by the orchid. Make sure the roots are spread out naturally and not curled. When placing the orchid, keep the older grass on the outside and the new growth in the center, leaving space for future replanting. Hold the orchid in your left hand and the soil in your right, to prevent soil from getting into the leaves. Gently lift the plant so the roots can stretch naturally, then add the soil while shaking the pot to ensure good contact between the roots and the soil. Finally, press the soil around the stem by hand and shape the surface slightly concave in the middle. Cover the top with moss or pebbles to prevent the soil from hardening and reduce water evaporation. Water thoroughly immediately after planting, and place the pot in a shaded area. For the next month, avoid direct sunlight and keep watering moderate. After that, move the orchid to a semi-shaded, well-ventilated spot where it gets morning sun.
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