The key to the quality of grape seedlings is the management of summer and autumn seasons.
First, branch management
1. Obliterate. In general, the cuttings of grape seedlings grow to 40-50 cm in the first half of July. There will be a number of shoots in the seedlings or several shoots in a new shoot. It is difficult for such seedlings to grow strong. seedling. For a dense nursery, it must be removed in time to take a robust new shoot, and the rest of the shoots or sub-tips should be wiped out.
2. Take heart. When the grape seedling shoots grow to about 50 centimeters, 10 to 15 centimeters is removed. The side shoots that take place after the heart-pick, except for the one that left the top, are all erased. When the tip of the tip of the apex is 5 to 6 leaves in length, leave 2 to 3 leaves topping. The auxiliary tips regenerated on the auxiliary tip are all erased.
3. Framed. Some high-grade grape varieties, if you want to grow some species, the new shoots on the seedlings can be put to 1 to 1.5 meters, such seedlings must be tied. There are two ways: First, you can insert every 2 rows of seedlings, insert a bamboo pole every 3 to 4 meters between the rows, and pull 2 ​​to 3 thin iron or nylon ropes. Two bamboo poles each pull a pull line. All two seedlings are tied to bamboo or nylon ropes. The second, if the seedlings are relatively sparse, one bamboo seedling per seedling may also be used to bind the seedling shoots to bamboo shoots for growth. The upper end of the bamboo pole is connected with a crossbar to prevent the wind from falling down or people from knocking over.
Second, soil fertilizer management
1. Fertilization. When the seedlings grow to 7 to 8 leaves, 15 to 20 kilograms of urea are sprayed with urea. After 15 days, they are applied once. Generally, they can be applied 3 times. Summer spray spray 0.5% urea solution, autumn spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, the spray can be 2 times.
2 timely watering. Before the grape cuttings sprout, they are usually poured every 7 days. After the new shoot reaches 10 to 20 centimeters in length, water is poured every half month. If the weather is rainy and the sensation is better, then do not water it. When the seedlings grow to 50 centimeters, watering should be properly controlled. If the nursery stock does not come out of the garden before winter, it must be poured over the winter water. Every time you topdress, you should water it.
3. Weeding and weeding. Most of the nursery gardens are covered with plastic mulches. Generally, no cultivator can be used to remove weeds. On both sides and on both sides, it is necessary to plan the protection once after each watering, while removing weeds.
III. Pest Control
The main control diseases are downy mildew and black pox; the main pests to prevent and control are cotton bollworm, beet armyworm and grape hawk moth.
When the seedlings grow to 7 to 8 leaves, spray 50% carbendazim 500 times, spray 80% spray 600-800 times after half a month. After the seedlings were picked up, a 1:0.7:200-fold Bordeaux mixture was sprayed. If downy mildew occurs, spray 600 times Kepo 600 times, or 80% ethoxyphosphinate 300 to 500 times. In autumn, the leaves have already aged and shoots have basically stopped growing. At this time, the Bordeaux mixture is mainly 1:1:180 or 1:1.5:180. In the season of insect pests, medicines for preventing and treating such insect pests may be added during bactericidal spraying. Grape hawk moth, can be used to control 1000 ~ 1500 times dichlorvos; cotton bollworm, beet armyworm is added Longwei 1 1000 to 1500 times liquid for prevention and treatment.
IV. Purity management
When new shoots grow to 7 to 8 leaves, their shoots and young leaves are well recognized. After recognizing the hybrid seedlings, they must be uprooted. If there are several varieties in large-scale nurseries, they should be marked with bamboo sticks and inserted in different varieties. It is better to use plastic ropes to make a circle. To create a variety file, plan the nursery to show the location of each variety. And the number of nursery.
Fifth, timely exit
After falling, the grape seedlings should not be taken out of the nursery immediately. In this case, the nutrition will continue to be stored in the roots. Generally speaking, it is appropriate to exit the garden before and after the solar terms.