The scientific name Cylas formicarium (Fabricius) is from the order of Coleoptera, Cone. Alias ​​sweet potato elephant, sweet potato small elephant. Distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan.
The hosts of the host were sweetpotato, sand rattan, leeks, Ipomoea sinensis, schisoptera, morning glory, small convolvulus, moonflower, etc. The larval hosts were mainly the thick stems and roots of sweet potato and sand rattan.
Injurious features Adults eat potato chips in the field or in potato pits. Adults, larvae, and larvae and excretions in the damaged potato inner canal give off odors and are inedible. The loss rate is 30% to 70%.
Morphological characteristics Adult body length 5 - 7.9mm, long narrow-like mosquitoes, tentacles, front chest, feet reddish-brown to orange, more blue and black, with a metallic luster, head nose like image of the nose, compound eyes hemispherical slightly , black; antennae grow in the distal, females are long oval, slightly shorter than the sum of the remaining 9 knots. The male end is rod-shaped, longer than the sum of the remaining 9 knots, the chest is long and narrow, and the anterior end of the chest is 1 / 3 Retracted into the chest like a neck. Coleoptera overlaps in a long ovoid shape, wider than the anterior chest, and the surface is markedly indeterminate by 22 longitudinal engraved points, with broad and thin hind wings. Feet slender, legs close to stick-like. The eggs are milky to yellowish-white, oval in shape, with thin shells and small pits on the surface. The last instar larvae were 5-8.5mm in length, light brown in the head, near long tube, slightly smaller at both ends, slightly curved to the ventral side, with sparse white hairs on the chest and abdomen, and degeneration of the thoracic foot. The larvae were 5 instars in total;蛹 4.7 4.7-5.8mm long, long oval to nearly long oval, milky white, compound eye red.
Living habits Zhejiang 3-5 generations, Guangxi, Fujian 4-6 generations, south of Guangdong, Taiwan 6-8 generations, Guangzhou and Guangxi Nanning no overwintering phenomenon. Generations overlap. Many adults, larvae and cockroaches pass through the winter. Adults often overwinter in potato stalks, potato stalks, dead leaves, weeds, earth seams and rubble. Larvae and cockroaches live over winter in potato vines and vines. During the day, hi hi hidden in the back of the leaf damage leaves veins, leaf stems, vines, and some hidden in the cracks in the field of potato stems, crawling on the ground at night. The egg is produced on the exposed potato stalks. The potato block is first bitten by a small hole and the eggs are produced in the hole. One hole and one hole each produce 80-253 eggs. The newly hatched larvae feed on tubers or vine heads, and sometimes there are as many tens of larvae in one tuber, few in number, usually only one larvae per potato tuber; from July to September in Zhejiang, from July to October in Guangzhou , Fujian Jinjiang, Tongan area in April-June and in late July and September in September victims; Guangxi Liuzhou 1 and 2 generation mainly damage potato seedlings, 3 generations of early potato damage, 4th and 5th generation of late potato damage. The climate is hot and dry, soil cracking, and bare tubers are beneficial to adult feeding and spawning. It is easy to cause maggot damage.
Prevention methods (1) Strict quarantine and prevention of spread. (2) After the sweet potato is harvested, the insect-eaten potato chips, stem vines, and potato runners are removed and buried deeply or burned. (3) Implement crop rotation, where conditions and conditions are implemented as far as possible. (4) Timely earth-cultivation to prevent the exposure of the tubers, and pay attention to the selection of damaged varieties and plots. . (5) Chemical control. 1 liquid dip seedlings. Use 50% of saccharomyces nigrum or 50% of phoxim EC 500 times soak the potato seedlings for 1 minute. Slightly dry them to plant the pods. 6 Bait baiting. In the early spring or the early winter in the south, use small fresh potatoes or fresh sweet potato stalks and fresh vines to soak in the 500-fold solution of 50% of the sapium edulis EC for 14-23 hours. Take out and dry it, and bury it in a pit that has been dug in advance. Above the grass cover, a 60 per 667m250, every 5 days for 1 time.
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