Yuzhu is the dry root of Polygonatum odoratum (mill.) druce, a lily plant of the family Liliaceae. It has the functions of nourishing yin, moistening dryness, and relieving cough. It is also produced in provinces such as Henan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi and Sichuan. (-) Morphological characteristics Perennial herb, 30-60 cm in height, underground in roots, flattened in a cylindrical shape, yellowish-white in the cuticle, pinkish-yellow in section, single stem, slightly oblique upper part, longitudinally ridged, smooth and glabrous, Leaves green, leaves elliptic, apex blunt, base cuneate, entire, green above, pinkish green below, flowers l-3, axillary, pedicel prolapsed, greenish white, tepals short, apical 6-lobed, Slivers ovoid; stamens 6, inserted in middle of perianth tube; ovary superior. Berry spherulites, dark purple when mature. Seeds ovate, yellow-brown, dull. Flowering period from January to July, fruiting period from July to September (II) Growth habits Phyllostachys praecox has strong adaptability to environmental conditions and strict requirements on soil conditions, but it should be grown in a humid place, generally at a temperature of 9-13°C, with roots sprouting and budding at 18-22°C. , 19-25 °C underground rhizome thickening Seed hypocotyls have dormancy characteristics, low temperature can relieve their dormancy, embryo maturation needs to be completed at 25°C for more than 80 days, so in order for the seeds to develop normally and rapidly, the seeds must first be placed under conditions of 25°C and matured for 80-100 days. Then set 0-5 °C under the conditions of about 1 month, then move to room temperature, you can normally germinate, but generally do not breed seeds on the production. Seed life is 2 years. (C) Cultivation techniques 1. Selection of land, site preparation Select the deep, well-drained, sunny-slightly acidic sandy loam, deep-dip more than 30 centimeters, apply 3000-4000 kilograms of farmyard fertilizer per acre as basal fertilizer, and make a sorghum with a width of 1.3 cm. Reproduction with underground rhizomes (1) When stems are selected for harvest in autumn, the hypertrophied and yellow-white root buds that were grown in the current year are reserved for species use, and when digging, on-demand, and planting, if weather changes cannot be achieved, they must be planted. The root buds are spread indoors in the cool place of the lee, usually 200-300 kilograms per acre.(2) The planting method is generally from early October to late October, and the cloudy days or sunny days are selected for planting. 30 cm open 15 cm deep ditch Then the stems are arranged in rows in the ditch with a spacing of 15 cm or so, and the manure is then covered with a manure, and then a layer of fines is added until it is flush with the surface.3. Field management (1) After the tillage and weeding, the seedlings will not emerge in the same year. After the emergence of spring, timely weeding, the first time you can use hand-pulled or shallow hoe, so as not to bruise the buds, after which we should keep the above no weeds.The third year the roots and stems have been densely covered surface, only weeding by hand.(2 ) In the winter of the year after the top-dressing planting, a shallow ditch between the rows was opened, 800-1000 kg of animal manure per acre was applied, and then the cover soil was overwintered. When the seedling height was 7-10 cm in the second year, fertilization was performed once again. On the shallow pine tables between rows, spread 1 layer of decomposed dry fertilizer (cattle manure, soil compost, etc.) and cultivate 7-10 cm of soil, preferably covered with grass or litter. After the third year of spring emergence, , The application of human waste water per mu of 1500-2000 kg. Shi Houpu soil. 4. Pest control (1) Occurs during the May-June period and damages the leaves. Can be 1:1.5:300 Bordeaux spray control. (2) Rust occurs from May to July and damages the leaves. Can be used 25% triadimefon l000 times spray control. In addition, there are still earthworms, ground tigers and other pests to injure young shoots and rhizomes. (d) Harvesting and processing are generally carried out 2-3 years after planting and excavation will be carried out in mid-August. When the rain is clear and the soil is slightly dry, cut the stems and leaves with a knife, then straighten out the roots with the gums, shake off the sediment, grading according to size, and expose them to sunlight for 3-4 days. Soften, with mucus leakage, gently rub the root hairs and sediments in the bamboo sticks, continue to dry until the white becomes yellow, wipe by hand rubbing or both feet repeatedly rubbing, so repeated several times, to soft and smooth, If you don't have a hard heart or yellow or white color, dry it. Fresh odor can also be steamed through the steamer, then kneaded while drying, and repeatedly until it is soft and transparent, then dried.
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