Asparagus, also known as Asparagus chinensis, also known as dragon's mustard, is a perennial herbaceous plant. Its tender stem not only has a delicious and aromatic flavor, but also is rich in various nutrients needed by the human body. It is a high-grade valuable vegetable and has a high level. The medicinal value, long-term consumption of Anti-Cancer effects, have a certain effect on heart disease, hypertension, heart rate, etc. In recent years, the market demand in Europe, America, and Japan has become more popular. Planting asparagus is a good industry for export and farmers to get rich. The main points of its cultivation techniques are as follows: Soil selection Quality asparagus production requires deep soil, loose soil, strong water retention and fertility, and a micro-acid-rich sandy loam rich in organic matter. There are many species of asparagus varieties, the United States should choose the strong disease resistance, high yield of the American Abercrombie, Glenn Wichita, Atlas and the superior seed of the king or the Dutch real forest series of varieties. Seedlings have waxy characteristics on the asparagus seed shell. Soaking seeds with warm soup for 2–3 days before sowing, and lightly licking the seed surface. When the seed coat color turns gray, then replace the warm water with a small groove, and soak 50% of the seeds. After the trenching, sowing seeds, on-demand, 0.8--1kg per 667 square meters, sowing depth of about 2cm, the surface covered with fine sand or Maiyi, pay attention to the prevention and control of underground pests. Planting asparagus seedlings should be planted as soon as possible after thawing in the earth. Planting ditching spacing is about 1.8m, ditch width is 50--60cm, ditch depth is 40--50cm, and every 667m2 applies quality farmyard fertilizer 4000kg, compound fertilizer 40kg, soil and fertilizer is mixed, 25cm thick in backfill ditch. The average plant spacing is 30cm, and about 1200 plants are planted per 667m2. When planting, it is better to use good buds, lower than the surface of 10-12cm, after the planting of solid soil, immediately watering. Strengthen management, timely top-dressing and watering, weeding and weed control, prevention and control of diseases and insects, and promote stable growth of bamboo shoots. Cultivation Management 1. Pre-harvest management In the middle and early March of March, we must clear the garden and weed, and dry it with fire to prevent transmission of pests and diseases. Combining ridging with foot pouring water, timely cultivation of loose soil. The beginning of the field from the small ridge, narrow ridge, 3 years of life should be used mechanical ridge cultivation, generally ridge bottom width 50cm, top width 30cm, height 35--40cm. As the age of the plant increases, the soil should be widened year by year. After ridging, it is necessary to apply sufficient germination fertilizer as soon as possible, generally 10-15 days to harvest. 2. Harvesting management can be harvested in the second year after planting. During the harvest, weeds should be removed from the field, drought should be inter-irrigation, attention should be paid to reasonable harvesting, rootstock cultivation, fertilization, and prevention of stem blight and root rot. It is necessary to attach great importance to scientific fertilization. In the initial stage, 10-15 kg/667 square meters of compound fertilizer should be applied between the rows; mature-age fields should generally be applied 2--3 times, followed by 30 kg/667 square meters of compound fertilizer, and 50 kg of cooked cake. 667 square meters to facilitate the production of high quality bamboo shoots. The harvesting period should be determined according to the age of the plant. Generally, it can only take 25-30 days in the young period, and the harvesting period in the adult can generally reach the end of June. The method of adopting the mother's stem can be extended to the end of July, and attention should be paid to the field management of the mother stem. 3. Post-harvest management After the harvest is completed, immediately apply the rejuvenation fertilizer. Apply 50kg/667m2 compound fertilizer and 100kg/667m2 of cooked cake fertilizer between rows, and then remove the ridge to prevent the sprouts from rising. Accumulation of nutrients, until the tender stem grows, then plunge in the water plough weeding to prevent root rot. After the beginning of autumn, it is necessary to re-apply autumn-fat fertilizer. Generally, 40kg/667m2 of compound fertilizer is applied, and a suitable amount of bio-fertilizer is added to it to pour a good quality of autumn water to promote fast and stable growth of stems on the ground and accumulate abundant nutrients. Pest and disease control Stem blight is the most serious disease that harms asparagus. It mainly infects tender stems, and when severe, can cause destruction of the whole field. Production should pay attention to prevention, re-apply organic fertilizers and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to enhance the resistance of plants; thoroughly remove all dry stems and leaves before use, and use the fungicide to strictly sterilize the soil; diseased plants should be rooted and burned, and then kill with pesticides. Soil pathogens. For chemical control, thiophanate-methyl or chlorothalonil can be used for soil disinfection, and stems can also be smeared with Bacillus or asparagus, or sprayed with benzoate or scutellar oil, and sprayed every five to seven days. Alternately, spray 3 times. Root rot can be irrigated with carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl, with good results. For lice, cockroaches, and helminths, attention should be paid to prevention and control when transplanting seedlings, and use poison bait trapping or ground spraying of phoxim granules or phoxim emulsion spray for prevention and control. Other pests can be controlled by spraying pesticides such as pyrethroid pesticides, bt emulsions, imidacloprid series, phoxim and other high-efficiency low-residue organophosphorus pesticides. Source: China Horticultural Abstracts
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