Summer feed is susceptible to mildew. Once the livestock and poultry have eaten moldy feed, the light will affect the growth and development of livestock and poultry, and severe cases will cause poisoning to death, causing major economic losses to farmers. For this reason, the following describes the simple processing methods of several moldy feeds.
1. Excluding method: For the straw and pellet feed, once moldy occurs, the moldy and deteriorative parts can be removed directly.
2. Washing method: Seed real kind of feed mildew, moldy feed can be first crushed powder, pour into the tank, add 3 to 4 times water stir, after changing the water twice a day, until the soaked water from the tea color Become colorless.
3. Drying method: mainly used for a large amount of straw feed. The method is: first moldy feed dried in the sun, then ventilation, shake loose to remove mold.
4. Heating method: For baking pan materials, baking at a temperature of 150°C for 30 minutes or heating in a microwave oven for 8 to 9 minutes can destroy 48% to 61% of aflatoxin therein.
5. Adsorption method: clay and zeolite (its main component is aluminosilicate) can not only promote the growth and development of livestock and poultry, but also has a strong adsorption; add 0.5% of clay or zeolite in feed, can be adsorbed in feed Mycotoxins.
6. De-embryo method: After moldy corn, the toxins are mainly concentrated in the embryo. First grind the corn into 1.5 ~ 4.5 mm small particles, add 5 ~ 6 times the water, and then stir, the embryo debris floating on the water due to light, remove it or drained with water, so repeated several times , you can achieve the purpose of detoxification.
7. Lime water soaking method: suitable for corn, sorghum and other seed real feed. The method is: First, the large grain moldy feed such as corn is crushed into small particles with diameters of 1.5 to 5 mm (small grains such as sorghum are smaller and can be not crushed), and then the lime powder after 120 mesh screening is blended in a proportion of 0.8% to 1%. In the moldy feed, then mix the lime powder and water into the container according to the ratio of 1:2 and stir for 1 minute. Let it stand for 5-8 hours. Pour out the water and rinse it with clean water for 2 to 3 times. It can be used after drying. According to other data, adding 5% quicklime to mildewed feed can remove 90 to 99% of the toxins.
8. Ammonia method: suitable for bran feed. The method is: 12.5 grams of ammonia per kilogram of feed, after mixing in the container, sealed with a plastic cloth, at room temperature 20 °C, 7 days after the detoxification rate of 87.5% or more; room temperature 40 °C, after 5 days detoxification rate More than 90.
9. Alkali cooking method: suitable for seed-like feeds. The method is: Mix 100 kg of moldy feed plus 3 times water, 500 grams of soda powder (or 1 kilogram of lime) in proportion, co-cook until the feed splits, wait until it cools and then rinse with water to remove alkali Ready to use.
10. Fermentation method: Lactobacilli are used for fermentation, and the toxicity of aflatoxin is reduced by the action of enzymes. Using this method to treat feed not only reduces the toxicity of mycotoxins in feed, but also increases feed nutrition (mycelial proteins) and improves palatability.
It should be noted that the above treatment methods are generally applicable to mild mildewed feeds, and used in combination with other feeds after treatment, and should not be used as the "main food" of livestock and poultry; for severely milded feedstuffs, due to high processing costs, it is still It is better to discard all.
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