Problems and Solutions of No-tillage Cultivation in Wheat

In the two-year wheat no-tillage cultivation technology promotion practice, it was found that farmers welcomed the wheat no-tillage technology, but due to the problems in the sowing link, which led to less emergence of wheat and serious shortage of fertilizer, the specific solution was proposed.
First, there are a number of reasons for the problems: First, after the artificial harvest of rice, farmers do not sun-straw straw, more rain in autumn, straw piled up in the fields for a long time, become wet, soft, and rotten. After sowing, the straw is not covered, and the thick and solid cover of the grass will affect the emergence of the seedlings. Birds that are not covered with grass will eat it. The second is that the farmer directly spreads the ammonium bicarbonate to the field surface and then sowing, because the seeds are contacted with ammonium bicarbonate to burn seed and burn seedlings.
The reasons for the lack of fertilizer: First, farmers used ammonium bicarbonate to mix 50 kg/mu and superphosphate 20 kg/mu, and then spread the field surface directly on sunny days, and then planted. Although the amount of base fertilizer was enough, ammonium bicarbonate was rapidly decomposed. Ammonia volatilizes, resulting in severe shortage of wheat seedlings. Second, the amount of the base fertilizer itself is insufficient, if the top dressing is in case of little rain in winter, the use of urea to catch rain may not catch the opportunity of rain. Nitrogen topdressing cannot be achieved.
Second, the solution to prevent the emergence of less seedlings should be harvested after the rice, the straw picked up, sunny airing, raining and concentrated stacking, after wheat sowing, straw cover as thin as appropriate, cover uniform, strict cover, a straw covered 1.5-2 acres Mu is appropriate.
To prevent shortage of fertilizer for the prevention of burning seeds and burning seedlings, wheat is usually used as wheat-free fertilizer or compound fertilizer in order to prevent rain and water from being used in winter, and it is not convenient to top-dress fertilizer. The proportion of base fertilizer is slightly larger, and the proportion of top dressing is slightly smaller, and nitrogen is available per acre. Phosphorus, potassium ternary compound fertilizer 15 kg, urea 10 kg, and then sowing. Farmers applying ammonium bicarbonate can disperse ammonium bicarbonate in urine water or in clean water at the dosage of 50 kg/mu. The superphosphate is applied at a dosage of 20 kg/mu and then sowed. A rainy day before January to see seedlings with fertilizer once with urea 5 kg / mu.
Third, the machine received rice fields block wheat no-tillage Note: First, early removal of rice straw field, concentrated on the side of the field, pay attention to timely drying, in order to ensure adequate coverage of grass. Doing so can make the weeds in the field fully contact the herbicide liquid when weeding; secondly, it can prevent the wheat grain from falling on the straw when sowing; 3, it can avoid that the straw meets the decay of rain, and the straw is not enough when covered, and after sowing, If rice straw can be covered tightly and evenly, it will accelerate the death of weeds in the field, prevent the occurrence of weeds, and the rate of emergence of young wheat seedlings will be high. The second reason is that due to the rolling of the combine harvester, in addition to normal open trenches around the fields, it is necessary to level the fields to facilitate field drainage.

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