Freshwater fish rapid and efficient pond aquaculture technology

I. Preparation before stocking

According to the conventional pond disinfection method, the clear pond was disinfected, ie, the pond water was drained about 20 days before the stocking, and the excessive mud at the bottom of the pond was removed to keep the mud below 30 cm, and continuously exposed to sunlight for several days. Ground debris. Then Mu uses 75-100 kg of quicklime to clean the water to kill pathogens and enemy pests. It can also be disinfected with 30 g/m3 bleach (32% available chlorine).

7-10 days before stocking, use 60-day sieve net to filter the water, prevent wild fish from entering the pond, and keep the water depth of the pool 50-80 cm. Stack the fermented and decomposed pig manure, cow dung or chicken manure on the sunny side of the fish pond. Organic fertilizers (300-500 kg per acre) are used to cultivate plankton, ensuring a rich and palatable natural biofeed after the pond.

Second, fish species stocking

The stocking densities depend on the conditions of the ponds, the specifications of the stocks being stocked, and the breeder's breeding techniques. Generally, 1200 to 1800 tails of summer fishes are stocked per acre. At the same time, according to the different habitats of the main species, appropriate combinations of some traditional fishes such as cockroaches, clams, grass carp, clams, cockroaches, cockroaches, etc. can be used to maximize the use of water bodies. Get higher economic benefits. Fish species before the release of - usually with 3% to 5% of the concentration of salt water, or per cubic meter of water with potassium permanganate 10-20 grams of liquid bath sterilized 5-10 minutes before the next pond.

There are many breeds of freshwater fish and there is no fixed specific stocking mode. In order to make full use of water resources and achieve greater economic benefits, the current stocking modes adopted include polyculture and nesting.

The conventional breeding stocking modes in the northern regions mainly include: 1 Carp-dominated species, 3000-4000 tails of high-quality summer fry seedlings, and 200-400 tails of summer flowers and 600-800 tails of summer flowers. Grass carp summer flowers 700-900 tails, 400-600 tail carp summer flowers, conditions can also raise black squid, squid, or large mouth squid 20-50, etc.: 2 grass carp as the main species, acres of quality summer Fry fry 3000-4000, can be used with stocking summer calyx 200-400, white-billed summer flowers 600-800, 400-600 tail of summer fish, and conditions can also be raised Wu Tiao, squid or southern mouth鲶 20-50 tail, etc., if the need to raise the squid, the specifications should be smaller than the grass carp; 3 squid to raise the main species, acres of high-quality summer fish fry 4000-5000, can be used with stocking summer pod flowers 200-400 , White pheasant summer flower 600 ~ 800 tails, Wuchang fish summer flowers 150 ~ 200 tails, southern large mouth lick 20-30 tails, should not choose to catch strong feeding of fish, such as carp, grass carp and so on.

In most of the central and southern parts of China, fish farming is the main mode of stocking, which mainly includes the following: (1) In order to breed mainly pupa and cockroaches, the proportion of main fish stocking accounts for 75% of the total expected production of various turtle seedlings. The proportion of white storks is higher than that of white storks, and the ratio of rearing to rearing is about 10% for grass carp and 5% for carp;

2 High-density polyculture based on concentrate feeds, including polyculture of carp, grass carp, herring, carp, carp, and stingray;é²¢18%-20%, é³™3%-5%, 8%-10% of grass carp, 3%-5% of herring, 20%-25% of carp, 20%-25% of carp, 12% of carp %; 8 stocking patterns of common fish such as cockroaches, clams, grass carp, squid, etc., raising a stocking mode for a few valuable fish such as squid, and the stocking rate of conventional tortoises is roughly 70% to 85%. Salmon, stingray, squid and other valuable fish.

Third, the bait feed

In addition to the abundant water plankton in the water, fish ponds are also fed with small amounts of food or splashed soy milk. At the initial stage of stocking, they are fed with carp or soybean meal. After 12 to 20 days, they can be fed normally, and they are fed with fingerling feed (crude protein of about 25% to 30%), and they are later transferred to adult fish pellets (crude protein). About 20% to 25%).

Feeding adheres to the principle of "Four Sets," timing (8-9 am, 3-4 pm, when summer and high temperatures can be postponed), fixed points (fixed on bait stations, generally 2 per pool). 4 food sets), quality (to ensure high-quality feed, no spoilage, etc.) and quantitative (daily feeding amount is about 20% to 50% of fish body weight).

Fourth, daily management

After the fish species is under the pond, the water quality requires “fat, live, tender and cool”, and the regulation and management of water quality is the key. If the transparency of the water body is more than 30 μm, it means that the water body is too thin. Appropriate fertilizer must be applied. Fermented livestock manure can be used. If the water body is less than 20 cm, the water quality is too fat. Pay attention to adding new water or appropriate amount of water. water. The improvement and regulation of water quality—generally using lime, EM bacteria, or sediment modifiers—every 15 to 20 days, 10 to 15 kilograms of lime are used to sprinkle water to the whole pool in order to regulate the pH of the culture water and improve the buffer of the water body. The performance provides a good environment for the rapid growth of fingerlings.

After 1 week of fish species in the pond, Povidone iodine or 90% crystal trichlorfon can be used to sterilize the water. The water can be used once a day for three times in a row to achieve better fish disease prevention. In addition, improving the disease resistance of fish itself is also one of the measures to effectively prevent fish diseases. For example, oral vitamin C and multivitamin for aquatic products can also be regularly fed with 1% salt or 0.1% fresh garlic juice.

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