Powdery mildew is an important disease in the production of strawberry in protected areas. It mainly damages leaves, flowers, fruits and fruit stems, and petiole damages. The leaves were damaged. White powder appeared on the back of the leaves. As the disease progressed, the white powder spread over the entire leaf. The leaf edge was rolled on a spoon and the leaves gradually yellowed. The flower buds were damaged, the petals were purple, and they could not be opened or opened. The fruit is damaged, the fruit surface is covered with white powder, and the fruit is poorly colored. The young fruit stops expanding, loses its luster and hardens.
The occurrence of strawberry powdery mildew is related to several factors. (1) Climate factors. The disease is a low-temperature, high-humidity disease. The suitable temperature for the disease is 15 to 25°C. No disease is present when the temperature is lower than 5°C or higher than 30°C. The minimum humidity required for disease occurrence is 40%. The higher the humidity, the heavier the disease. From late autumn to early spring, even with rainy weather, low temperature and low sunshine, high humidity, pathogenic conidia continue to produce and repeatedly infect, and can easily cause a disease pandemic. (2) Variety factors. The difference in the degree of disease among different varieties is relatively large. Mingbao and Yixiang are more resistant to diseases, and Fengxiang is highly susceptible to disease. (3) Cultivation factors. The continuous cropping sheds have an early onset and heavy onset; nitrogenous fertilizers are applied to a certain extent, the plants grow green and their disease resistance is poor, resulting in severe disease.
Prevention and control of strawberry powdery mildew in greenhouses, we must adhere to the "prevention-based, full control" strategy, the implementation of agricultural prevention, chemical prevention and other comprehensive measures in order to achieve good results.
Agricultural control (1) Select disease-resistant varieties according to local conditions. (2) Serious disease fields can rotate with rice. (3) clean the pastoral. After the strawberry is harvested, it is timely cleaned and incinerated; the field weeds are removed before planting; diseased leaves, diseased fruits and old leaves are removed in time during the growth period, and brought out of the shed to be burned. (4) Strengthen cultivation management. Cultivate strong seedlings, timely transplanting; ensure proper spacing of plants, close planting; timely ventilation, drainage in time after rain, reduce the humidity in the field; reasonable fertilization, base fertilizer with organic fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, the amount of nitrogen applied during growth Phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, not partial nitrogen fertilizer; scientific watering, bud, fruit expansion, harvest peak should pay special attention to water management, the best use of drip irrigation under the membrane, can not flood irrigation.
The drug control is controlled in the early stage of the disease and can be used in a timely manner. It can be used as a 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granules 1000 to 1500 times, or 12.5% ​​as a myclobutanil 1500 to 2000 times, or 75% chlorothalonil wettability. Powder 600 times spray, once every 7 to 10 days, continuous control 2 to 3 times. The spray is required to be even and thorough, and the front and back of the blade should be sprayed. In case of rainy weather, chlorothalonil smoke agents should be used for smoke prevention and control to reduce the humidity in the shed. Flowering generally do not use drugs to prevent the occurrence of phytotoxicity. Strict implementation of the safety interval of pesticides is generally stopped 7 days before harvest to control pesticide residues.
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