In recent years, with the global warming, continuous high-temperature weather has appeared in most parts of the province in summer, which has had a great impact on the reproductive performance of pigs in some factory pig farms. The author conducted surveys and statistics on the reproductive performance data of swine in Zhangye, Linze, Gaotai, Yumen, etc., from 1996 to 1998 (September-August) in several 10,000 factory pig farms in our province. The results showed that in July, The proportion of unsparrowed female sows that had been mated with August was 10% higher than the uncoarcted rate (85–10%) of female sows mating from October to May of the following year. During this period, the high fever caused by postpartum birth canal infections in sows. The incidence of no milk increased significantly. The main reason for this is the large solar radiation intensity and high temperature during this period, which is characterized by severe dry and hot weather. Sometimes the maximum daily temperature can reach 35-36°C, and the high temperature period is basically concentrated between early July and early August. During this time, such high temperature weather is not only a boar or sow breeding process. The stage will have extremely harmful effects. For this phenomenon and problem, the author analyzes and discusses how to overcome and mitigate the adverse effects of high temperature on pig breeding for reference by peers. 1 Investigating diet formulas to ensure proper nutrition levels Modern nutrition studies have shown that appropriate nutrient levels are decisive factors in improving the health level and breeding performance of breeding pigs. Both nutritionally high and low levels can lead to deterioration of reproductive health and reproductive performance of breeding pigs. Decline. The most direct effect of high temperature on breeding pigs is the loss of appetite on the one hand, slower feed intake and lower feed intake, which in turn leads to reduced nutrient levels and insufficient energy and protein intake in breeding pigs. The producer must adjust the formula of the diet to increase the energy and protein levels in the daily sugar and ensure that the breeding pigs have the nutritional level for normal reproduction. The specific approach may be: 1 boar bred 2 chickens per head per day on the basis of the original diet. Conditional pig farms are fed appropriate amount of green feed or 2%-5% fat (digested due to fat Fewer calories are produced by replacing the equivalent amount of carbohydrates to alleviate the adverse effects of high temperature stress on pigs. For 2 sows during lactating sows with high nutrient level diets (CP ≥ 16%, DE ≥ 13.39 MJ/kg), daily doses of 2.5-3.2 kg for 4 weeks before delivery and 4.5 kg for lactation are necessary. 3 Weaning The rear sows or gilts 2 to 3 weeks prior to breeding are fed a high nutrient diet with a short feeding period to promote ovulation, restore long sow breeding, and provide nutrition for the development of the embryos for breeding. The daily feed can be guaranteed. In 2.2-2,5kg or more. 4 After mating, sows with daily diets with low energy and low protein levels (CP ≤ 14.5%, DE ≤ 12.97 MJ/kg) and daily feeds reduced to 1, 5-2 kg are appropriate. 4 weeks after sow mating to prenatal In the 4 weeks, with moderately low nutrient levels (CP ≤ 14.55, DE ≤ 13, 8 MJ/kg), the daily feed can be controlled at 1, 8-2.2 kg. Too much feeding is not only a waste of feed. Moreover, increasing the metabolic burden of sows (especially during periods of high temperatures) is more likely to result in anorexia or reduced feed intake during lactation, leading to excessive weight loss and lowering of milking power of the sows, which is detrimental to the fertility of the sows and development of the piglets. 2 Ensure sufficient cooling water, inhibiting pig body temperature rise water plays an important role in the regulation of pig body temperature. High temperature environment pig mainly rely on evaporation of water to lose body heat. Insufficient drinking water or high water temperature will make pig heat resistance decreased. The pig's drinking water increases with the increase of the ambient temperature. When the temperature is 7-22°C, the ratio of the amount of drinking water and the dry matter intake of the feed is 2.1-2.7:1; when the temperature rises to 30-33°C, the amount of drinking water is Feed intake dry matter ratio increased to 2.8-5:1. It can be seen that drinking water is absolutely necessary for the health and reproduction of pigs under high temperature conditions. The clean cold water (water temperature is controlled within 10-12°C) that is sufficient (clean water in the water in the drinking fountain) is beneficial to the cooling of pigs. Can stimulate eating and increase feed intake. 3 Time for feeding, movement and mating, fully utilizing the boar effect to overcome the sow summer infertility Summer weather in most parts of the province, especially in the Hexi region, has cool weather as early as late, noon heat, large temperature difference between day and night, and animal production. Thermal law (usually 1 to 2 hours after feeding reaches the highest peak). If fed at 12 o'clock, the heat production is highest at 2 o'clock in the afternoon. At this time, when the temperature is highest at one day, it is easy to produce heat stress. Therefore, whenever entering the hot season, the pig farm should change the pig feeding time, breakfast should be early, can be around 6 o'clock; dinner is late, should be around 19 o'clock; lunch can be avoided at noon to feed, in order to make full use of When the weather is cool, the pig expands its appetite and eats more feed. The wet mix can be moister and fed with green feed to improve palatability and feed intake. For a boar, a reasonable exercise is an essential means to improve the health level and breeding ability. In the hot season, it should be persistent, but it should be changed with the feeding time, that is, daily. After the feeding and before the late feeding, 0.5 to 1 hour of drive is performed. The two times of mating or sperm collection can also be arranged about 0.5 h after the exercise in the afternoon and the afternoon, so as long as possible to allow the boar to rest at noon. On the other hand, the most direct effect of high temperature on breeding pigs is reduced libido and delayed estrus. The author has not studied the sexual behaviour of boars and sows, but it should be remembered that the study by Clause et al. in Germany clearly confirmed boars. And the sows’ libido and fertility are the lowest in the summer. Therefore, in the summer high temperature period, the boar effect (the influence of boar stimulation on sow reproductive function) can be fully used to compensate for the negative effects of high temperature on the reduction of libido. Shepherd sows are kept in contact with the barn; when they are bred, the boars are rushed to the gild gilts for mating; the boars drive through the sidewalks of the sow house to stimulate the sow to sniff, listen, and watch. In particular, the unique "pecking" sound of boars, along with the pheromone produced, promotes maternal estrus. A conditional pig farm can play boar call recordings every morning in the piggery and supplement the smell of boars (urine and semen) to increase sows’ libido, promote estrus, and increase fecundity. In spite of this, the ambient temperature is also a crucial factor affecting the health level and reproductive performance of the breeding pigs. Only the ambient temperature is controlled within the optimum temperature range (12-15 °C for breeds, 18 °C for pregnancy, 15 °C for feeding period). ) In order to ensure that the above technical measures play the best role and truly realize the high yield and stable production of sows, therefore, take effective cooling measures during the high temperature season to ensure that the pig houses are always at a suitable ambient temperature, cool and comfortable, and maintain The reproductive performance of pigs is of particular importance. 4 Take effective cooling measures and maintain the breeding performance of pigs. From the perspective of animal husbandry meteorology, summer cooling should be done well. However, when the outside temperature exceeds 29°C, the effect of increasing the wind speed and increasing the ventilation volume on the cooling of the barn is greatly reduced. In addition, factory pig farms in our province are basically naturally ventilated, and the pig house temperature is directly affected by the climatic conditions. Impact. Therefore, in the summer high temperature period, the temperature is controlled only by cooling and cooling. For factory pig farms, the simplest method is a self-made spray drip system, that is, in a hard plastic tube with a diameter of about 2-3cm, staggered and drilled about 0.2cm in intervals of 5-10cm. The small holes are then inserted into correspondingly thin tubes of 10 cm long and placed at 30 cm above the pig bar. The hard plastic pipe mouth is connected to tap water (with certain pressure). Whenever the temperature is higher than 22°C, turn on the spray drips every 0.5h or 1h for 1-2min to cool down. When extremely high temperatures (above 40°C) are encountered, emergency measures should be taken, such as spraying the pig body with a hose, or bathing or spraying water on the roof. Conditional farms can purchase a power sprayer 3-4 times a day. Secondary cooling of the ground, roof and pig body (do not use cold water to spray the head of the pig suddenly). Artificially consciously flushing the testicles of boars is an effective means to reduce the impact of high temperature on boar reproduction. It is worth noting that, while cooling and cooling are in effect, the heat insulation design, shading, and prevention of water tanks and pipes from direct sunlight Are indispensable technical means.
There are three main types of Rice.
In
GB/T 1354-2009 "Rice National Standards", there are only three types of
rice: glutinous rice, glutinous rice and glutinous rice.
Pick rice three steps
Look
Packed
rice first look at whether the packaging is marked with QS mark,
product name, net content, production date and shelf life, quality
grade, product standard number and other information.
Look at the color and size of the rice grains in bulk to see if there are broken rice or yellow grains.
smell
Premium rice has a natural valley scent and no smell.
taste
New rice has a higher protein content and is harder than Chenmi.
Royal Basmati Rice,Nutritious Rice,Medium Grain Rice,Short Grain Rice
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