The role of trace element fertilizers Trace elements are necessary for plant growth, but relatively small amounts of elements, mainly iron, copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, boron and so on. Trace elements are small in the body of the crop, but because they are often part of the enzyme or coenzyme within the plant, they are highly specific and are indispensable and irreplaceable for crop growth and development. Therefore, when the crop lacks any trace element, the growth and development will be inhibited, resulting in reduced production and quality, serious or even no harvest. Conversely, if these elements are too many, poisoning will occur, affecting the yield and quality of crops, and may also cause the occurrence of certain endemic diseases in humans and livestock. The following is a brief introduction on the nutritional effects of the six trace elements and the performance of the crop when it is lacking, in order to increase the understanding of trace elements fertilizers by the majority of farmers.
1. Nutritional effects of boron Boron is concentrated in the shoot tip, apical, leaf and floral organs in plants. The content of dicotyledonous plants is often higher than that of monocotyledons. Boron can promote the normal development of genital organs. An important symptom of boron deficiency is that the granules cannot develop normally or even form, which affects the crop yield. Boron promotes the synthesis and transportation of sugar in crops, and the chloroplast degrades in the absence of boron. Affects photosynthesis. Boron can increase the nitrogen fixation activity of rhizobia and increase nitrogen fixation in leguminous crops. When boron is deficient, the roots remain undeveloped, which affects the amount of nitrogen fixation. Boron also enhances crop resistance.
2. The nutritional role of iron Iron is indispensable for the formation of chlorophyll and it is difficult to transfer in plants. Therefore, leaf chlorosis is the performance of iron deficiency in plants, and this chlorosis is first manifested on young leaves. In addition, iron affects the photosynthesis and respiration of plants.
3. Copper's nutritional role Copper participates in photosynthesis, respiration, nitrogen metabolism, and plant resistance. In the absence of copper, the growth of the plants was thin and the new leaves were yellow, withered and dry, and the tips of the leaves were curly white with necrotic spots.
4, the role of zinc nutrition Zinc can promote crop photosynthesis, it is a component of a variety of enzymes, zinc deficiency, crop growth and development stagnation.
5, the nutritional role of manganese chloroplasts contain manganese, manganese can promote seed germination and seedling growth, lack of manganese affect the crop's photosynthesis, respiration, nitrate accumulation in the body. The phenomenon of chlorosis between leaf veins, brown spots, and gradually increased distribution in the whole leaf, so that the leaves become red-gray, leaf shrinkage.
6, the role of molybdenum molybdenum is a nitrogen-fixing micro-organisms, especially in the rhizobia symbiotic with leguminous plants fixed nitrogen when necessary. At the same time, it can increase the photosynthesis intensity of the leaves. In the absence of molybdenum, the plants were dwarf, the leaves were chlorogenic, the leaves margins were charred, curled inwards, and became wilted.
The method of application of trace element fertilizers has increased along with the increase of crop yields, the expansion of economic crops, and the relative reduction of organic fertilizers. Soils and crops lacking in trace elements have been increasing. Therefore, there are many farmers and fertilizers. Marketers ask, how can we tell if crops are missing trace elements?
What methods can be used to remedy trace nutrient deficiency in crops?
It is not always necessary to apply trace element fertilizers to every plot and every crop, because of lack of fertilization. If you need to supplement these nutrients, you can use soil fertilization, foliar spray, soaking, seed dressing, roots and other methods. In the fertilization method, when microelement fertilizer is used as a basal fertilizer, it should be applied with a suitable amount of decomposed organic fertilizer or dry soil because of a small amount; if it is used as a foliar fertilizer, it should be kept away from the hot sun and rain, usually after 4pm. . Do not mix with alkaline pesticides or chemical fertilizers. The dosage of foliar fertilizer solution is about 50 kilograms per acre, generally not more than 75 kilograms. The positive and the back of the leaf are sprayed over, and the fertilizer solution is suitable for dropping.
Blind overdosing of micronutrients can endanger the environment, and it is too late to find trace elements in the absence of trace elements. It is difficult for individual farmers or farms to perform diagnostic tests for trace elements in the absence of trace elements. What can be done? : All fields with continuous high yield but no organic fertilizer for a long time, long slopes washed by rain, calcareous soil, saline-alkali soil, etc. may be deficient in trace elements. The probability of soil nutrient deficiency in red soils in southern China, arid areas in Northwest China, and economic crops Bigger. For field crops, it is important to focus on crops that are sensitive to micronutrients such as corn and rice, which are susceptible to zinc deficiency, rape and cotton are easily deficient in boron, and legumes are prone to iron deficiency and lack of molybdenum, and peanuts are prone to iron deficiency and deficiency. Calcium and so on. The other method is to conduct a comparative test on the application of micro-fertilizer in small areas, and it is effective in the absence of trace elements. Otherwise, it is not lacking.
What is the application amount of medium and small fertilizers for various crops?
The application amount of trace element fertilizer in the soil is roughly the same as that of N, P and K fertilizers, and even more, while the amount of trace element fertilizer is less, such as the majority of field crops per mu, zinc sulfate is only 1 to 2 kg, and only borax is used. 0.5 to 1 kg. The economic crops such as fruit trees and vegetables are higher, and generally do not exceed 3 to 5 kg per mu. Therefore, after the sowing or transplanting of the micro-fertilizer and the tidal dry soil or decomposed organic fertilizer is mixed uniformly, it is applied together with the basal fertilizer or applied. Most of the micro-fertilizers and phosphate fertilizers will form insoluble substances and reduce the effect of each other, so do not mix them together. Rural public
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