Steam boiler slagging not only increases the workload of boiler operation and maintenance, but also seriously jeopardizes safety and economic operation. It may also force the furnace to reduce load operation or even be forced to stop the furnace. The slagging itself is a complex physical and chemical process with automatic intensification. Once the slagging occurs in the boiler, the heat transfer is deteriorated due to the thermal resistance of the slag layer, and the temperature of the pharyngeal gas and the surface temperature of the slag layer will increase. The surface of the slag layer is rough, and the slag particles are more likely to adhere, and the slagging process will intensify. The following is a brief list of the hazards caused by steam boiler slagging.
1. After the slag is formed on the heated surface, the heat transfer resistance will increase, the heat transfer will be weakened, the heat absorbed by the working medium will be reduced, the exhaust temperature of the steam boiler will increase, the heat loss of the exhaust gas will increase, and the boiler efficiency will decrease. In order to maintain the normal operation of the boiler, the amount of air must be increased while increasing the amount of fuel. This increases the load on the blower and the draft fan, and increases the power consumption of the plant. Therefore, the slagging makes the economics of the steam boiler operation significantly lower.
2. When slagging on the heated surface, in order to maintain the normal operation of the steam boiler, the air volume must be increased. If the capacity of the ventilation equipment is limited, and the slagging is easy to block the flue gas passage, the smoke resistance increases, the wind volume of the fan is difficult to increase, and it is forced to run down.
3. After the slag is formed on the heated surface, the temperature of the flue at the exit of the furnace rises, causing the temperature of the overheated to rise, and the thermal deviation caused by the slagging is likely to cause overheating damage of the superheater. At this time, in order to maintain the overheated temperature and protect the reheater, it is also necessary to limit the load during exercise.
4. The slagging of the burner nozzle changes the airflow structure of the burner outlet, thereby destroying the aerodynamic conditions in the furnace and affecting the combustion process. When the nozzle slagging is severe and blocked, the steam boiler has to run down the load or is forced to stop the furnace.
5. Water wall slagging will cause some parts to be unevenly heated, which will adversely affect the safety of the natural circulation water circulation and control the thermal deviation of the flowing water wall, which may lead to the destruction of the water wall tube.
6. The cold wall tube of the cold ash bucket may be damaged when the coke block of the upper part of the furnace is dropped.
7. When the slag is severely formed in the cold ash hopper, the cold clogging outlet will be blocked and the slag will not be discharged. The steam boiler cannot continue to operate.
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