Fertilizers and farmyard manure should be applied with attention to three key techniques. First, since farmyard manure releases nutrients slowly, it should be applied early—ideally once before sowing. For less effective fertilizers, it's best to apply them at least seven days before the crop starts absorbing nutrients actively.
Second, when using compound fertilizers, it's better to mix them with base fertilizer. Urea, on the other hand, is more effective when used as a top dressing. Farmyard manure should be incorporated into the soil through deep plowing or combined with ridge formation by placing it in the bottom of the ridges. When combining nitrogen fertilizers with farmyard manure, 30% can be used as base fertilizer, while 70% should be applied as top dressing. Phosphate and potash fertilizers are best applied as a single dose at the bottom.
Third, it's important to combine the right quantities of chemical fertilizers with farmyard manure, adjusting the amounts based on the crop type and soil fertility. For example, in a low-fertility field growing corn, you might apply 4 cubic meters of farmyard manure per mu, along with 24 kg of urea and 13 kg of phosphate fertilizer. Alternatively, 13 kg of compound fertilizer could be used. In medium-fertility soil, 3 cubic meters of farmyard manure and 20 kg of urea would suffice, or 12 kg of compound fertilizer. In high-fertility soil, 2.5 cubic meters of farmyard manure and 15 kg of urea would be appropriate. Adjustments should always be made based on local conditions and crop needs for optimal results.
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