Fertilizers and farmyard manure should be applied with attention to three key techniques. First, when using farmyard manure, which is a slow-release fertilizer, it's best to apply it early, ideally before sowing in one single dose. For chemical fertilizers, which are less effective over time, they should be applied at least 7 days before the crop begins to absorb nutrients effectively.
Second, when using compound fertilizers, it's better to mix them with the base fertilizer. Urea, on the other hand, works best as a top dressing. Farmyard manure should be incorporated into the soil through deep plowing or by mixing it into the bottom of raised beds. When combining nitrogen-based fertilizers with farmyard manure, it's recommended to use 30% as a base fertilizer and 70% as a top dressing. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied once as a base fertilizer.
Third, it's important to balance the quantities of farmyard manure and chemical fertilizers based on the crop type and soil fertility. For example, in a low-fertility field growing corn, you might apply 4 cubic meters of farmyard manure per mu, along with 24 kg of urea and 13 kg of phosphate fertilizer. Alternatively, 13 kg of compound fertilizer could be used. In medium-fertility soil, 3 cubic meters of farmyard manure, 20 kg of urea, or 12 kg of compound fertilizer would be sufficient. For high-fertility soil, 2.5 cubic meters of farmyard manure and 15 kg of urea would be adequate. Adjusting these amounts ensures optimal nutrient supply for healthy plant growth.
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