Winter greenhouse vegetables pesticide use skills

Expert introduction: Zhao Zhanzhou, member of the Chinese Plant Protection Society, senior agronomist, engaged in the teaching and promotion of plant protection techniques for more than 30 years, focusing on the integrated prevention and control technology of crop diseases, weeds and weeds, pests and diseases of the Beijing, Jinshan, Luyu, corn, wheat, pear and apple trees. Prevention is more familiar.

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Pesticide application is one of the most commonly used methods for pest control of greenhouse vegetables. However, many people have a poor understanding of pesticides. There are many problems in the use of pesticides, resulting in poor efficacy, increased costs, and even phytotoxicity.

How can we use pesticides more reasonable when we control pests and diseases in winter greenhouse vegetables?

First, first find out the root cause of abnormal vegetable growth, and then take corresponding measures. For example, the basic cause of the occurrence of gray mold and difficult to control is that the light in the shed is weak and weak, the humidity is low, and the temperature is the second most frequent invasion of the bacteria. Therefore, the key to preventing and controlling gray mold is to increase light, raise the temperature and reduce the humidity, cooperate with the removal of diseased flowers, etc., and use appropriate drugs to remove bacteria from the vegetables and their surrounding environment.

Second, according to the occurrence of pests and diseases during the selection of drugs. For example, in the case of downy mildew, protective agents such as organic copper preparations, chlorothalonil, kresoxim-methyl, or azoxystrobin are selected before the onset of the disease. When it is found that there are already obvious symptoms, it should be selected from dimethomorph and cream. A therapeutic therapeutic agent such as moldavir hydrochloride or a protective bactericide is mixed with a therapeutically acceptable bactericide. Third, according to the occurrence of pests and diseases and vegetable growth status and drug properties to determine the interval between drugs. Generally, the pot life of the drug is about 7 days, and some drugs can reach 10 days or more. If you have a good grasp of the timing and quality of the drug, you can also achieve a longer interval between drugs. For example, cucumber downy mildew, if the appropriate temperature and humidity control in the greenhouse, the nutritional supply is reasonable, the cucumber grows robustly, and the azoxystrobin and organic copper preparations are sprayed on the cucumber before flowering, it can be achieved for more than ten days. Spray the target once.

Fourth, pay attention to pesticide use conditions. At 25°C~30°C, most pathogens and pests are active and the growth of vegetables is also comfortable. At this time, the liquid on the leaf surface after spraying can be dried quickly to form a uniform film and the efficacy is good without phytotoxicity. . Therefore, the spraying time in the winter greenhouse should be between 10 o'clock and 14 o'clock on sunny days. The air humidity in the shed is also an important factor affecting the efficacy of the drug. Spraying the drug when it is wet will not only improve the air humidity and reduce the efficacy, but also the organic copper preparations will be more prone to phytotoxicity. Of course, when strong light shines at high temperature conditions, it can easily cause damage.

Fifth, chemical drugs have pay attention. It is best to use the water-reducing chemicals that are not too low in temperature, first use a small amount of water to separate the agents one by one. Do not pour all the agents into the water at the same time. It is easy to cause the drug to precipitate or float, affect the efficacy or even lead to drugs. harm. Find out the nature of the pesticides and whether there are adverse reactions when mixed with each other. For example, manganese zinc, carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, thiram, and foliar fertilizers containing metals should not be mixed with copper preparations.

Sixth, the amount of liquid is reasonable. When spraying with a conventional knapsack sprayer, the sprinkler should be kept at a distance of 30 cm from the leaf surface. When filling the root, the amount of liquid should be sufficient to permeate the root system. The concentration of the liquid does not increase the amount of the liquid and the drug is difficult to distribute evenly. In areas where pests and diseases are infested, there is no guarantee of efficacy.

Pesticide control is a necessary measure to ensure the growth of vegetables in greenhouses. However, pesticides are not a panacea, and they should be used more rationally.

Vitamin Injection

Vitamin is a kind of trace organic matter that human and animals must obtain from food in order to maintain normal physiological function. It plays an important role in the process of human growth, metabolism and development. Vitamins neither participate in the formation of human cells nor provide energy for the human body.
Vitamins are a class of organic compounds necessary to maintain good health. This kind of substance is neither the raw material of body tissue nor the source of energy in the body, but a kind of regulatory substance, which plays an important role in material metabolism. This kind of substance cannot be synthesized or the synthetic amount is insufficient in the body, so although the demand is small, it must be often supplied by food.
Vitamins are also called vitamins. Generally speaking, they are life sustaining substances. They are a kind of organic substances necessary to maintain human life activities, and they are also important active substances to maintain human health. Vitamin content in the body is small, but indispensable. Although the chemical structures and properties of various vitamins are different, they have the following common points:
â‘  Vitamins exist in food in the form of provitamin;
â‘¡ Vitamin is not a component of body tissues and cells, and it will not produce energy. Its role is mainly to participate in the regulation of body metabolism;
â‘¢ Most vitamins cannot be synthesized by the body or the synthetic amount is insufficient to meet the needs of the body, and must be often obtained from food;
â‘£ The human body's demand for vitamins is very small. The daily demand is often calculated in mg or microgram, but once it is deficient, it will lead to corresponding vitamin deficiency and damage human health.
Different from carbohydrate, fat and protein, vitamins only account for a small proportion in natural food, but they are necessary for the human body. Some vitamins such as B6 and K can be synthesized by bacteria in the intestinal tract of animals, and the synthetic amount can meet the needs of animals. Animal cells can convert tryptophan into niacin (a B vitamin), but the production does not meet the needs; Vitamin C can be synthesized by other animals except primates and guinea pigs. Plants and most microorganisms can synthesize vitamins themselves without having to be supplied in vitro. Many vitamins are components of cofactors or coenzymes.
Vitamins are some small amounts of organic compounds necessary for human and animal nutrition and growth. They play a very important role in the metabolism, growth, development and health of the body. If you lack a certain vitamin for a long time, it will cause physiological dysfunction and some diseases. It is usually obtained from food. At this stage, there are dozens of found, such as vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, etc.
Vitamins are essential organic compounds in human metabolism. The human body is like an extremely complex chemical plant, constantly carrying out various biochemical reactions. The reaction is closely related to the catalysis of enzymes. Coenzyme must be involved in enzyme activity. Many vitamins are known to be coenzymes of enzymes or components of coenzymes. Therefore, vitamins are important substances to maintain and regulate the normal metabolism of the body. It can be considered that the best vitamins exist in human tissues in the form of "bioactive substances".

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