Different methods of drug use directly affect the rate of absorption and absorption of drugs and the strength of drugs. Therefore, rabbit farmers should understand several commonly used methods.
1. Oral administration method - The advantages of this method are simple and easy to apply, and it is suitable for a variety of dosage forms. However, the disadvantages are slow absorption, irregular absorption, and delayed efficacy.
2. Oral administration - For a small amount of drugs without special odor, mix in a small amount of palatable feed for the diseased rabbit to feed; for drugs that are easily soluble in water and have no bitterness, can be put directly into drinking water Drinking; for the disease-resistant rabbits, use a syringe or plastic eyedrops bottle to draw liquid slowly into the mouth, to prevent intrusion into the respiratory tract, causing foreign body pneumonia; for the tablet to be fine, use thick paper to fold, slowly Pour into the mouth of a sick rabbit and feed it under water.
3. Stomach tube administration - For patients with odor, toxicity, or antifeeding disease, gastric tube administration can be used, ie, the mouthpiece is placed in the mouth of a rabbit, and the upper part is turned inward until the rabbit tongue is turned. Pressurized between the mouthpiece and the lower jaw, the catheter can be used as a stomach tube, and the front end is coated with paraffin wax lubricant, placed in the entrance cavity along the central hole of the mouthpiece, and then gently sent into the esophagus about 20 cm along the posterior wall of the upper eyelid to reach the In the stomach, dip the other end of the stomach tube into the cup and pour it in. In order to avoid residual drug in the stomach tube, it is necessary to inject 5 ml of normal saline and then pull out the stomach tube.
4. Rectal administration - For constipated diseased rabbits, petrolatum can be lubricated with a rubber tube of appropriate thickness, slowly inserted into the anus of rabbits 7 to 8 cm, and then the syringe with the drug solution is connected to the rubber tube. On the other hand, injecting the liquid into the rectum softens and excludes rectum accumulation.
5. External administration method—For external injuries, surface parasites, dermatitis, and dermatophytes, external administration is required. Rabbits in this disease should be raised in single cages to prevent other rabbits from ingesting food poisoning.
6. Washing method - the drug is made into a suitable concentration of solution to wash the local skin or nose, eyes, mouth and wounds.
7. Coating method - Apply the medicine to an ointment or a suitable dosage form and apply it to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes.
8. Immersion method - the drug is made into a suitable concentration solution, soaked to remove the diseased rabbit coat.
9. Injection administration method - The advantage of this method is that the drug is absorbed quickly and completely, and the dose and effect are indeed, but it must be strictly disinfected and the injection site must be accurate.
10. Hypodermic injections - Inject into the loose, easily-moving areas of the back of the ears, on the sides of the ventral midline, or near the groin, cut the hair first, and then disinfect it with alcohol or iodine. Then, lift the skin with your left hand and the right hand with the needle. Into the base of the triangle on which the skin was scratched, about 0.8 cm subcutaneously, the drug was injected. Note that the needle cannot be pierced vertically to prevent it from entering the abdominal cavity. Remove the needle and re-sterilize the injection site.
11. Intramuscular injection - Select the site where the muscles on the lateral side of the neck or the thigh are thick, without large blood vessels and nerves. After shearing and sterilizing, the needle is pierced vertically and quickly into the muscles. If there is blood back, it proves that the needle pierces the blood vessel, the needle should be pulled out, the site should be replaced, and the needle should be replaced after disinfection. If there is no return of blood, the drug can be injected again. The dose should not exceed 10 ml. If the dose is large, the injection site should be replaced.
12. Intravenous injection - Suitable for acute severe cases. Usually the ear veins or femoral veins are injected outside the ear. After shearing, if the ear vein is too thin to be injected, fingertips can be used to strike the edge of the ear canal, or rub it vigorously with alcohol swabs to make the blood vessels nuzzle, pinch the ear tip with your left hand, support the index finger under the ear, and hold the syringe in the right hand. The needle is inserted into the ear vein in a vein along the vein, and blood is returned. The base of the oppressed ear is rapidly released and the drug is slowly infused. When doing a muscular vein puncture, place the rabbit with its belly upright and its limbs fixed with a rope. Use the index finger and the middle finger to touch the strongest place in the armpit and press the needle slightly. The needle and the skin are pierced by 1.5 centimeters and pierce 1.5 centimeters. Blood is drawn back and forth. If the blood is dark red, you can push the medicine. If it is bright red, you will stray into the artery. Immediately remove the needle and press it for 3 minutes to 5 minutes.
1. Oral administration method - The advantages of this method are simple and easy to apply, and it is suitable for a variety of dosage forms. However, the disadvantages are slow absorption, irregular absorption, and delayed efficacy.
2. Oral administration - For a small amount of drugs without special odor, mix in a small amount of palatable feed for the diseased rabbit to feed; for drugs that are easily soluble in water and have no bitterness, can be put directly into drinking water Drinking; for the disease-resistant rabbits, use a syringe or plastic eyedrops bottle to draw liquid slowly into the mouth, to prevent intrusion into the respiratory tract, causing foreign body pneumonia; for the tablet to be fine, use thick paper to fold, slowly Pour into the mouth of a sick rabbit and feed it under water.
3. Stomach tube administration - For patients with odor, toxicity, or antifeeding disease, gastric tube administration can be used, ie, the mouthpiece is placed in the mouth of a rabbit, and the upper part is turned inward until the rabbit tongue is turned. Pressurized between the mouthpiece and the lower jaw, the catheter can be used as a stomach tube, and the front end is coated with paraffin wax lubricant, placed in the entrance cavity along the central hole of the mouthpiece, and then gently sent into the esophagus about 20 cm along the posterior wall of the upper eyelid to reach the In the stomach, dip the other end of the stomach tube into the cup and pour it in. In order to avoid residual drug in the stomach tube, it is necessary to inject 5 ml of normal saline and then pull out the stomach tube.
4. Rectal administration - For constipated diseased rabbits, petrolatum can be lubricated with a rubber tube of appropriate thickness, slowly inserted into the anus of rabbits 7 to 8 cm, and then the syringe with the drug solution is connected to the rubber tube. On the other hand, injecting the liquid into the rectum softens and excludes rectum accumulation.
5. External administration method—For external injuries, surface parasites, dermatitis, and dermatophytes, external administration is required. Rabbits in this disease should be raised in single cages to prevent other rabbits from ingesting food poisoning.
6. Washing method - the drug is made into a suitable concentration of solution to wash the local skin or nose, eyes, mouth and wounds.
7. Coating method - Apply the medicine to an ointment or a suitable dosage form and apply it to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes.
8. Immersion method - the drug is made into a suitable concentration solution, soaked to remove the diseased rabbit coat.
9. Injection administration method - The advantage of this method is that the drug is absorbed quickly and completely, and the dose and effect are indeed, but it must be strictly disinfected and the injection site must be accurate.
10. Hypodermic injections - Inject into the loose, easily-moving areas of the back of the ears, on the sides of the ventral midline, or near the groin, cut the hair first, and then disinfect it with alcohol or iodine. Then, lift the skin with your left hand and the right hand with the needle. Into the base of the triangle on which the skin was scratched, about 0.8 cm subcutaneously, the drug was injected. Note that the needle cannot be pierced vertically to prevent it from entering the abdominal cavity. Remove the needle and re-sterilize the injection site.
11. Intramuscular injection - Select the site where the muscles on the lateral side of the neck or the thigh are thick, without large blood vessels and nerves. After shearing and sterilizing, the needle is pierced vertically and quickly into the muscles. If there is blood back, it proves that the needle pierces the blood vessel, the needle should be pulled out, the site should be replaced, and the needle should be replaced after disinfection. If there is no return of blood, the drug can be injected again. The dose should not exceed 10 ml. If the dose is large, the injection site should be replaced.
12. Intravenous injection - Suitable for acute severe cases. Usually the ear veins or femoral veins are injected outside the ear. After shearing, if the ear vein is too thin to be injected, fingertips can be used to strike the edge of the ear canal, or rub it vigorously with alcohol swabs to make the blood vessels nuzzle, pinch the ear tip with your left hand, support the index finger under the ear, and hold the syringe in the right hand. The needle is inserted into the ear vein in a vein along the vein, and blood is returned. The base of the oppressed ear is rapidly released and the drug is slowly infused. When doing a muscular vein puncture, place the rabbit with its belly upright and its limbs fixed with a rope. Use the index finger and the middle finger to touch the strongest place in the armpit and press the needle slightly. The needle and the skin are pierced by 1.5 centimeters and pierce 1.5 centimeters. Blood is drawn back and forth. If the blood is dark red, you can push the medicine. If it is bright red, you will stray into the artery. Immediately remove the needle and press it for 3 minutes to 5 minutes.
Food Additives are substances added to food. Some additives have been used for centuries. With the advent of processed foods in the second half of the twentieth century, many more additives have been introduced, of both natural and artificial origin.
The advantages of food additives are these followed:
1. Improve the appearance of food.
2. Keep and enhance the nutrition value of food.
3. Increase the variety and conveniences of food.
4. Miantain freshness and prolong shelf life.
5. Provide leavening or control acidity and alkalinity.
Food Additives
Food Additives,Natural Food Additives,Food Additives Preservatives
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