Pearl harvesting, treatment and preservation technology

Harvesting (1) The harvesting time is generally between the end of the year and the beginning of the year, ie from November to February of the following year. The high temperature season generally does not receive the bead, because in the high temperature period the nacre sedimentation is quick, the texture is loose, the pearl surface is often covered with a layer of white material (the meteorite crystal dissolves), the gloss is dim, the quality is not good. In winter or low temperature conditions, pearl shell secretion slows down, pearl surface is more detailed, smooth, good luster, it is the best time to harvest pearls. (2) Method of pearl collection In order to ensure the quality of pearls received, before the collection of pearls, the thickness of the pearl layer should be checked. According to the international jewelry practice, the pearls of various specifications of the harvested commodities have the following standards: Fine beads: bead diameter 2.6~4.9 mm, bead thickness 0.3 mm; beads: bead diameter 5.0~6.4 mm, bead thickness 0.5 mm; beads: bead diameter 6.5~7.9 mm, bead thickness 0.8 mm; large beads : Bead diameter 8.0 mm or more, bead thickness 1.0 mm; After the sampling inspection, if the development of the bead layer is too thin to meet the standards required by the business, the beading period can be appropriately extended. The way to collect the beads is to arrange them in an orderly manner, one after the other, and so on. After taking the pearl oysters from the sea, use a knives knife to insert the shells from the opening of the ventral edge. Cut the axe muscles firmly and expose the soft body. Use a tweezers or a knife to gently insert the culture beads bag. Carefully remove the pearl from the bag. . (3) The amount of harvested pearls is generally expressed in terms of how much pearls are harvested from 10,000 pearls of pearls. Japan’s Mie Prefecture in 1974 had 10,000 pearls for pearls, and the highest pearl yield was 13 kg. Zhanjiang, China In a certain pearl farm from 1970 to 1978, the pearl harvest per 10,000 pearls was highest at 11.15 kg and the minimum was 4.85 kg. It shows that China's Hepu pearl pearl breeding has caught up with or is close to the level of advanced countries producing cultured pearls in the world. The freshly-harvested pearls are treated and preserved because seawater, body fluids, and dirt are attached to the surface. If they are left for a long time, the colloidal calcium carbonate and organic matter on the surface of the pearl will condense and the nacre will darken and be degraded by oxidation, affecting the quality. . Therefore, it should be processed in time after harvesting. (1) General washing Soak the harvested pearls in fresh water in a timely manner, then wash with soap water and fresh water and wipe dry to preserve. In order to thoroughly wash away the remaining mucus and dirt on the beaded attachments, the harvested pearls, after washing with fresh water, can be soaked in salt water for 5 to 10 minutes and then rubbed with fine salt mixed pearls (the ratio of which is 2:1). Lightly soapy water and clean water are rinsed many times, and finally lightened with a towel or flannel, dried and stored. (2) Drug washing 1 Poor pearls can be washed with 0.15%~0.2% dodecyl sulfate, then washed with water, wiped and stored. 2 Pearls with dull or blemishes on the surface can be washed with 3% hydrogen peroxide, then rinsed with water and then stored. The medicinal pearls should not be treated with chemical agents after harvesting, but only washed with clean water and brine. All treated and dried pearls should be placed in a clean cloth bag, sealed in a cupboard, and stored in a cabinet. Do not place in hot water.

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